Genome-wide analysis in Drosophila reveals diet-by-gene interactions and uncovers diet-responsive genes.

Autor:	Francis D; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia., Ghazanfar S; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia., Havula E; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia., Krycer JR; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia., Strbenac D; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia., Senior A; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia., Minard AY; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia., Geddes T; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia., Nelson ME; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia., Weiss F; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia., Stöckli J; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia., Yang JYH; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia., James DE; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.; School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	G3 (Bethesda, Md.) [G3 (Bethesda)] 2021 Sep 27; Vol. 11 (10).
DOI:	10.1093/g3journal/jkab171
Abstrakt:	Genetic and environmental factors play a major role in metabolic health. However, they do not act in isolation, as a change in an environmental factor such as diet may exert different effects based on an individual's genotype. Here, we sought to understand how such gene-diet interactions influenced nutrient storage and utilization, a major determinant of metabolic disease. We subjected 178 inbred strains from the Drosophila genetic reference panel (DGRP) to diets varying in sugar, fat, and protein. We assessed starvation resistance, a holistic phenotype of nutrient storage and utilization that can be robustly measured. Diet influenced the starvation resistance of most strains, but the effect varied markedly between strains such that some displayed better survival on a high carbohydrate diet (HCD) compared to a high-fat diet while others had opposing responses, illustrating a considerable gene × diet interaction. This demonstrates that genetics plays a major role in diet responses. Furthermore, heritability analysis revealed that the greatest genetic variability arose from diets either high in sugar or high in protein. To uncover the genetic variants that contribute to the heterogeneity in starvation resistance, we mapped 566 diet-responsive SNPs in 293 genes, 174 of which have human orthologs. Using whole-body knockdown, we identified two genes that were required for glucose tolerance, storage, and utilization. Strikingly, flies in which the expression of one of these genes, CG4607 a putative homolog of a mammalian glucose transporter, was reduced at the whole-body level, displayed lethality on a HCD. This study provides evidence that there is a strong interplay between diet and genetics in governing survival in response to starvation, a surrogate measure of nutrient storage efficiency and obesity. It is likely that a similar principle applies to higher organisms thus supporting the case for nutrigenomics as an important health strategy. (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Genetics Society of America.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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