Childhood encephalitis hospitalizations associated with virus agents in medium-endemic states in India.

Autor: Tandale BV; ICMR - National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: tandale.bv@gov.in., Bondre VP; ICMR - National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Sapkal GN; ICMR - National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Gopalkrishna V; ICMR - National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Gurav YK; ICMR - National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Rao RK; Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana, India., Qazi MS; Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India., Narang R; Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India., Guduru VK; Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana, India., Niswade AK; Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India., Jain M; Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology [J Clin Virol] 2021 Nov; Vol. 144, pp. 104970. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 14.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2021.104970
Abstrakt: Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the leading cause of childhood acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in India. We enhanced the AES surveillance in sentinel hospitals to determine trends and virus etiologies in central India.
Methods: The neurological hospitalizations among children ≤15 years were tracked by using the AES case definition implemented by the national program. Acute and convalescent sera along with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were collected and tested at the strengthened site hospital laboratories for anti-JE, anti-Dengue and anti-Chikungunya virus by IgM ELISA; along with Chandipura virus RT-PCR. Herpes simplex and enterovirus testing was undertaken at the reference laboratory.
Results: Among 1619 pediatric neurological hospitalizations reported during 2015-16, AES case definition was fulfilled in 332 (20.5%) cases. After excluding 52 non-AES cases, 280 AES cases resident from study districts were considered eligible for study. The treating physicians diagnosed non-viral causes in 90 cases, therefore 190 (67.9%) of 280 AES cases were suspected with viral etiologies. We enrolled 140 (73.7%) of 190 eligible AES cases. Viral etiologies were confirmed in 31 (22.1%) of 140 enrolled AES cases. JE (n = 22) was the leading cause. Additional non-JE viral agents included Chikungunya (5), Dengue (2) and Chandipura (2). However, only 21 (9.4%) of 222 additional AES cases referred from peripheral hospitals were confirmed as JE.
Conclusions: Japanese encephalitis virus continues to be the leading cause of childhood acute encephalitis syndrome in central India despite vaccination program. Surveillance needs to be intensified for assessing the true disease burden of Japanese encephalitis following vaccination program implementation.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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