Qualitative smell/taste disorders as sequelae of acute COVID-19.

Autor: Ercoli T; Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Institute of Neurology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. ercolitommaso@me.com., Masala C; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy., Pinna I; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy., Orofino G; Institute of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Solla P; Department of Neurology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy., Rocchi L; Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Institute of Neurology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.; Institute of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy., Defazio G; Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Institute of Neurology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.; Institute of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology [Neurol Sci] 2021 Dec; Vol. 42 (12), pp. 4921-4926. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 23.
DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05611-6
Abstrakt: Background: Qualitative smell/taste disorders (such as phantosmia, parosmia, phantogeusia, and parageusia) have not yet been fully characterized in patients who had COVID-19, whereas quantitative disturbances (i.e., reduction/loss of smell/taste) have been widely investigated.
Objective: To simultaneously assess the presence of both quantitative and qualitative smell/taste dysfunctions in patients who suffered from COVID-19.
Methods: We enrolled 17 consecutive patients who suffered from COVID-19 over the last 6 months and 21 healthy controls, matched for sex and age. After a negative nasopharyngeal swab, the Sniffin' Sticks Test and the Taste Strips were used to assess olfactory and taste function, respectively. At the same time, the presence of phantosmia, parosmia, phantogeusia, and parageusia was investigated with a standardized questionnaire.
Results: Qualitative disturbances of smell and/or taste were found in 6/17 (35.3%) patients. Phantosmia was reported in 2/17 (11.8%) patients and parosmia in 4/17 (23.5%). There were no significant differences in smell test scores between patients who reported phantosmia and/or parosmia and patients who did not. Phantogeusia was described in 3/17 (17.6%) patients, and parageusia was identified in 4/17 (23.5%) patients. All tested patients were normogeusic.
Conclusion: Around one-third of patients who recover from COVID-19 may have persistent qualitative dysfunction in smell/taste domains. Detection of phantogeusia in long-term COVID-19 patients represents a further novel finding. Further investigation is needed to better characterize the pathophysiology of phantosmia, parosmia, phantogeusia, and parageusia in patients who had COVID-19.
(© 2021. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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