Multiparametric MRI for the improved diagnostic accuracy of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: Research protocol of a case-control study design.

Autor:	Piersson AD; Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; Department of Imaging Technology & Sonography, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana., Ibrahim B; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Neuroscience Laboratory for Cognitive Function and Behavioural Imaging (NeuroCoB), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.; Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Bauchi State University PMB 65, Gadau, Nigeria., Suppiah S; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Neuroscience Laboratory for Cognitive Function and Behavioural Imaging (NeuroCoB), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia., Mohamad M; Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Hassan HA; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia., Omar NF; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia., Ibrahim MI; Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Yusoff AN; Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Ibrahim N; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia., Saripan MI; Faculty of Engineering, Department of Computer & Communication Systems, University Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia., Razali RM; Gerontology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	PloS one [PLoS One] 2021 Sep 21; Vol. 16 (9), pp. e0252883. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 21 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0252883
Abstrakt:	Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurocognitive disorder identified by memory loss and a significant cognitive decline based on previous level of performance in one or more cognitive domains that interferes in the independence of everyday activities. The accuracy of imaging helps to identify the neuropathological features that differentiate AD from its common precursor, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Identification of early signs will aid in risk stratification of disease and ensures proper management is instituted to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with AD. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using structural MRI (sMRI), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) performed alone is inadequate. Thus, the combination of multiparametric MRI is proposed to increase the accuracy of diagnosing MCI and AD when compared to elderly healthy controls. Methods: This protocol describes a non-interventional case control study. The AD and MCI patients and the healthy elderly controls will undergo multi-parametric MRI. The protocol consists of sMRI, fMRI, DTI, and single-voxel proton MRS sequences. An eco-planar imaging (EPI) will be used to perform resting-state fMRI sequence. The structural images will be analysed using Computational Anatomy Toolbox-12, functional images will be analysed using Statistical Parametric Mapping-12, DPABI (Data Processing & Analysis for Brain Imaging), and Conn software, while DTI and 1H-MRS will be analysed using the FSL (FMRIB's Software Library) and Tarquin respectively. Correlation of the MRI results and the data acquired from the APOE genotyping, neuropsychological evaluations (i.e. Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA], and Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] scores) will be performed. The imaging results will also be correlated with the sociodemographic factors. The diagnosis of AD and MCI will be standardized and based on the DSM-5 criteria and the neuropsychological scores. Discussion: The combination of sMRI, fMRI, DTI, and MRS sequences can provide information on the anatomical and functional changes in the brain such as regional grey matter volume atrophy, impaired functional connectivity among brain regions, and decreased metabolite levels specifically at the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus. The combination of multiparametric MRI sequences can be used to stratify the management of MCI and AD patients. Accurate imaging can decide on the frequency of follow-up at memory clinics and select classifiers for machine learning that may aid in the disease identification and prognostication. Reliable and consistent quantification, using standardised protocols, are crucial to establish an optimal diagnostic capability in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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