Visual snow syndrome and its relationship with migraine.

Autor:	Barrachina-Esteve O; Servicio de Neurología, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, España. Electronic address: oriolbe7@gmail.com., Hidalgo-Torrico I; Servicio de Cirugía Cardiaca, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, España., Acero C; Servicio de Oftalmología, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, España., Aranceta S; Servicio de Neurología, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, España., Cánovas-Vergé D; Servicio de Neurología, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, España., Ribera G; Servicio de Neurología, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, España.
Jazyk:	English; Spanish; Castilian
Zdroj:	Neurologia [Neurologia (Engl Ed)] 2021 Sep 11. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 11.
DOI:	10.1016/j.nrl.2021.05.012
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is a central nervous system disorder that consists of the constant perception of small black and white dots throughout the entire visual field. Development: VSS can present from infancy to old age, with greater prevalence in the young population, and shows no difference between sexes. The diagnostic criteria include the presence of visual snow and such other visual phenomena as palinopsia, photophobia, nyctalopia, and other persistent visual phenomena. The pathophysiology of VSS is unknown, but hyperexcitability of the visual cortex and a dysfunction in higher-order visual processing are postulated as potential mechanisms. The prevalence of migraine among patients with VSS is high, compared to the general population, and symptoms are more severe in patients presenting both conditions. No effective treatment is available, but the drug with the best results is lamotrigine, which is recommended only in selected cases with severe functional limitation. Conclusions: VSS is a little-known and underdiagnosed entity, but the increasing number of studies in recent years has made it possible to establish diagnostic criteria and begin studying its pathophysiology. This entity is closely related to migraine, with overlapping symptoms and probably shared pathophysiological mechanisms. (Copyright © 2021 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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