Impact of six years of routine varicella vaccination on the disease-related hospitalizations at Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Autor: Abreu E Silva HB; Medical Sciences Faculty of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address: heasilva1@gmail.com., Corrêa HP; Medical Sciences Faculty of Minas Gerais, Brazil., Ribeiro IA; Medical Sciences Faculty of Minas Gerais, Brazil., Nascimento VAM; José do Rosário Vellano University, Minas Gerais, Brazil., Greco CM; Medical Sciences Faculty of Minas Gerais, Brazil., Pinto ICT; Medical Sciences Faculty of Minas Gerais, Brazil., Teixeira DC; Medical Sciences Faculty of Minas Gerais, Brazil., Diniz LMO; School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil., Ribeiro JGL; Medical Sciences Faculty of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Vaccine [Vaccine] 2022 Jan 21; Vol. 40 (2), pp. 390-395. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 08.
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.008
Abstrakt: Introduction: The varicella vaccine was first introduced into the Brazilian immunization schedule in September 2013 as a single dose for children aged 15 months. In 2018, a second dose was recommended for individuals between 4 and 6 years old. This study aims to assess the impact of routine varicella vaccination on the number and profile of hospitalized varicella patients during the single dose period, as well as in the first two years after the adoption of the second dose.
Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted in an infectious disease pediatric hospital, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Clinical as well as epidemiological data from patients hospitalized due to varicella between 2010 and 2019 were collected. Patients were split into groups based on the vaccine introduction: pre-vaccine period, single dose and two-dose period. They were compared by age, sex, reason for admission, illness-related complications and clinical outcome.
Results: There were 1193 admissions due to varicella during the studied period. When compared with the pre-vaccine period, the number of hospitalizations decreased in 61.5% during the single-dose regime, reaching 95.2% in the two-dose period. Hospitalization rates decreased in all age groups, including non-vaccinated individuals such as those younger than 12 months (92.1%). As for reasons of admission, secondary bacterial skin infections were perceived to be the most common cause (>70%). A reduction was also seen in admission of immunocompromised or HIV positive patients (84.8%).
Conclusion: The collected data shows a significant impact in the number of hospital admissions due to varicella after six years of the implementation of the vaccine, positively affecting both vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals. Further reduction was seen after the second dose was initiated, but its true impact will only be understood fully after a longer period of continuous vaccination.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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