| Autor: |
Fiorino A; Department of Dentistry, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy.; GBR Academy, 50122 Florence, Italy., Marturano A; GBR Academy, 50122 Florence, Italy., Placella G; Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy., Staderini E; Department of Dentistry, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy., Domingo LI; Department of Neurosciences, Dentistry Section, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy., Cerulli GG; Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Translational Research Institute for the Locomotor System Nicola Cerulli-LPMRI, 52100 Arezzo, Italy., Tiribuzi R; Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Translational Research Institute for the Locomotor System Nicola Cerulli-LPMRI, 52100 Arezzo, Italy., Blasi P; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy. |
| Abstrakt: |
Amelogenins are enamel matrix proteins currently used to treat bone defects in periodontal surgery. Recent studies have highlighted the relevance of amelogenin-derived peptides, named LRAP, TRAP, SP, and C11, in bone tissue engineering. Interestingly, these peptides seem to maintain or even improve the biological activity of the full-length protein, which has received attention in the field of bone regeneration. In this article, the authors combined a systematic and a narrative review. The former is focused on the existing scientific evidence on LRAP, TRAP, SP, and C11's ability to induce the production of mineralized extracellular matrix, while the latter is concentrated on the structure and function of amelogenin and amelogenin-derived peptides. Overall, the collected data suggest that LRAP and SP are able to induce stromal stem cell differentiation towards osteoblastic phenotypes; specifically, SP seems to be more reliable in bone regenerative approaches due to its osteoinduction and the absence of immunogenicity. However, even if some evidence is convincing, the limited number of studies and the scarcity of in vivo studies force us to wait for further investigations before drawing a solid final statement on the real potential of amelogenin-derived peptides in bone tissue engineering. |
