| Autor: |
Song W; imec-Partner in Solliance and Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600 Genk, Belgium.; Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium., Rakocevic L; imec-Partner in Solliance and Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600 Genk, Belgium.; Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium., Thiruvallur Eachambadi R; UHasselt-X-LAB, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium., Qiu W; Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.; imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium., Bastos JP; imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium., Gehlhaar R; imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium., Kuang Y; imec-Partner in Solliance and Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600 Genk, Belgium., Hadipour A; imec-Partner in Solliance and Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600 Genk, Belgium., Aernouts T; imec-Partner in Solliance and Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600 Genk, Belgium., Poortmans J; imec-Partner in Solliance and Energyville, Thor Park 8320, 3600 Genk, Belgium.; Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.; Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), UHasselt, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. |
| Abstrakt: |
To guarantee a long lifetime of perovskite-based photovoltaics, the selected materials need to survive relatively high-temperature stress during the solar cell operation. Highly efficient n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs) often degrade at high operational temperatures due to morphological instability of the hole transport material 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis ( N , N -di- p -methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD). We discovered that the detrimental large-domain spiro-OMeTAD crystallization is caused by the simultaneous presence of tert -butylpyridine ( t BP) additive and gold (Au) as a capping layer. Based on this discovery and our understanding, we demonstrated facile strategies that successfully stabilize the amorphous phase of spiro-OMeTAD film. As a result, the thermal stability of n-i-p PSCs is largely improved. After the spiro-OMeTAD films in the PSCs were stressed for 1032 h at 85 °C in the dark in nitrogen environment, reference PSCs retained only 22% of their initial average power conversion efficiency (PCE), while the best target PSCs retained 85% relative average PCE. Our work suggests facile ways to realize efficient and thermally stable spiro-OMeTAD containing n-i-p PSCs. |
