Visuospatial functions in preterm schoolchildren without cognitive delay: Using Pascual's Graphomotor test as a screening method.

Autor: Miranda-Herrero MC; Department of Neuropediatrics, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Calle O'Donnell 48-50, 28009 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: mariaconcepcion.miranda@salud.madrid.org., Vázquez-López M; Department of Neuropediatrics, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Calle O'Donnell 48-50, 28009 Madrid, Spain., Barredo-Valderrama E; Department of Neuropediatrics, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Calle O'Donnell 48-50, 28009 Madrid, Spain., de Castro de Castro P; Department of Neuropediatrics, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Calle O'Donnell 48-50, 28009 Madrid, Spain., Chacón-Pascual A; Department of Neuropediatrics, Hospital Materno Infantil Gregorio Marañón, Calle O'Donnell 48-50, 28009 Madrid, Spain., Pascual-Pascual SI; Department of Neuropediatrics, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Early human development [Early Hum Dev] 2021 Oct; Vol. 161, pp. 105454. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 30.
DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2021.105454
Abstrakt: Background: Preterm children obtain worse scores in tests that evaluate visuospatial functions. Pascual's graphomotor test (PGMt) assesses maturity in copying drawings in childhood, quickly evaluating the graphomotor aptitude that is a partial aspect of non-verbal intelligence.
Aims: To evaluate visuospatial functions in preterm children compared to full-term children. To assess the capacity of the Pascual graphomotor test (PGMt) to detect visuospatial disorders more specifically than non-verbal intelligence quotient (IQ).
Study Design and Subjects: case and control study.
Cases: preterm children between 5 and 11 years of age without cognitive delay; controls: full-term children with the same characteristics. For each child clinical history, neurological examination, language-free intelligence test Toni 2 (IQ) and Pascual's graphomotor test (PGMt) were carried out.
Results: 135 children were enrolled (59 cases vs. 79 controls). The mean age was 7.4 years. 55% were male. The mean gestational age of cases was 30.5 weeks with 34% extremely preterm. Cases obtained worse mean scores in both tests. The mean IQ scores were: cases 117.4, controls 125.0 (p = 0.004). The mean graphomotor quotient (GQ) scores were statistically and clinically significant (cases 76.8; controls 98.3, p = 0.001). Although we have found a positive correlation between IQ and GQ scores (cc = 0.31 p = 0.01), the differences found in the GQ between groups have been maintained regardless of the IQ in the multivariate analysis (GQ: cases 78.3 (SD 14.8), controls 98.3 (SD 12.5), p = 0.04).
Conclusions: GQ is a useful tool for screening for visuospatial anomalies. GQ more specifically measures the visuoperceptive disorder regardless of non-verbal cognitive level.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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