Brain responses during delay discounting in youth at high-risk for substance use disorders.

Autor:	Butcher TJ; Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA., Dzemidzic M; Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA., Harezlak J; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA., Hulvershorn LA; Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Electronic address: lhulvers@iupui.edu., Oberlin BG; Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	NeuroImage. Clinical [Neuroimage Clin] 2021; Vol. 32, pp. 102772. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 24.
DOI:	10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102772
Abstrakt:	Offspring of parents with substance use disorders (SUD) discount future rewards at a steeper rate on the monetary delay discounting task (DD) than typically developing youth. However, brain activation during DD has yet to be studied in drug naïve youth with a family history (FH) of SUD. Here, we investigate brain activation differences in high-risk youth during DD. We recruited substance naïve youth, aged 11-12, into three groups to compare brain activation during DD: (1) High-risk youth (n = 35) with a FH of SUD and externalizing psychiatric disorders, (2) psychiatric controls (n = 25) who had no FH of SUD, but with equivalent externalizing psychiatric disorders as high-risk youth, and (3) a healthy control group (n = 24) with no FH of SUD and minimal psychopathology. A whole-brain voxel wise analysis of the [Delay > Baseline], [Immediate > Baseline], and [Control > Baseline] contrasts identified functional regions of interest, from which extracted parameter estimates were tested for significant group differences. Relative to control youth, high-risk youth showed stronger activation in the left posterior insula and thalamus when making delayed choices, and stronger activation of the parahippocampal gyrus when making both delayed and control choices (ps < 0.05). Activation in the left posterior insula negatively correlated with both subscales of the Emotion Regulation Checklist, and positively correlated with the Stroop interference effect (ps < 0.05). Our findings suggest possible heritable SUD risk neural markers that distinguish drug naïve high-risk youth from psychiatric and healthy controls. (Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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