Sugar feeding protects against arboviral infection by enhancing gut immunity in the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti.

Autor: Almire F; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom., Terhzaz S; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom., Terry S; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom., McFarlane M; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom., Gestuveo RJ; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.; Division of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo, Philippines., Szemiel AM; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom., Varjak M; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom., McDonald A; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom., Kohl A; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom., Pondeville E; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS pathogens [PLoS Pathog] 2021 Sep 02; Vol. 17 (9), pp. e1009870. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 02 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009870
Abstrakt: As mosquito females require a blood meal to reproduce, they can act as vectors of numerous pathogens, such as arboviruses (e.g. Zika, dengue and chikungunya viruses), which constitute a substantial worldwide public health burden. In addition to blood meals, mosquito females can also take sugar meals to get carbohydrates for their energy reserves. It is now recognised that diet is a key regulator of health and disease outcome through interactions with the immune system. However, this has been mostly studied in humans and model organisms. So far, the impact of sugar feeding on mosquito immunity and in turn, how this could affect vector competence for arboviruses has not been explored. Here, we show that sugar feeding increases and maintains antiviral immunity in the digestive tract of the main arbovirus vector Aedes aegypti. Our data demonstrate that the gut microbiota does not mediate the sugar-induced immunity but partly inhibits it. Importantly, sugar intake prior to an arbovirus-infected blood meal further protects females against infection with arboviruses from different families. Sugar feeding blocks arbovirus initial infection and dissemination from the gut and lowers infection prevalence and intensity, thereby decreasing the transmission potential of female mosquitoes. Finally, we show that the antiviral role of sugar is mediated by sugar-induced immunity. Overall, our findings uncover a crucial role of sugar feeding in mosquito antiviral immunity which in turn decreases vector competence for arboviruses. Since Ae. aegypti almost exclusively feed on blood in some natural settings, our findings suggest that this lack of sugar intake could increase the spread of mosquito-borne arboviral diseases.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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