Evaluation of Swallowing Function according to the Stage of Alzheimer's Disease.

Autor: Parlak MM; Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey., Babademez MA; Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt Unıversıty, Ankara, Turkey., Alicura Tokgöz S; Department of Otolaryngolgy, Dışkapı Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey., Bizpınar Ö; Department of Neurology, Dışkapı Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey., Saylam G; Department of Otolaryngolgy, Dışkapı Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP) [Folia Phoniatr Logop] 2022; Vol. 74 (3), pp. 186-194. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 01.
DOI: 10.1159/000519263
Abstrakt: Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and swallowing difficulties may occur as the disease progresses. Dysphagia has many consequences, such as aspiration and pneumonia. In particular, in the advanced stage, approximately 70% of the causes of death in AD involve aspiration pneumonia. Therefore, it is vital to assess the presence or absence of dysphagia in AD.
Objective: This study aims to describe swallowing difficulty across the stages of AD.
Methods: Thirty-five AD patients were evaluated. The Mini-Mental State Examination was conducted. A bedside water swallow test (BWST) and the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) were administered. Finally, fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing was used to evaluate residual, aspiration and penetration conditions.
Results: EAT-10 scores, BWST results, and penetration-aspiration status were statistically significantly different according to AD stage (p < 0.05). Among all patients, 74.3% had residue, 25.7% had penetration, and 2.9% had aspiration.
Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that swallowing dysfunction begins at a mild stage and progressively worsens toward the advanced stage in patients with AD. At all stages of AD, residue was observed, and this poses a risk for the development of penetration-aspiration. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the early dysphagia of individuals.
(© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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