Gregariousness is associated with parasite species richness in a community of wild chimpanzees.

Autor: Deere JR; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN USA., Schaber KL; Department of Environmental Sciences and Program in Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolutionary Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA.; Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA., Foerster S; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC USA., Gilby IC; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, and Institute of Human Origins, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ USA., Feldblum JT; Department of Anthropology, and Society of Fellows, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI US., VanderWaal K; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN USA., Wolf TM; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN USA., Travis DA; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN USA., Raphael J; Tanzanian National Park Authority, Arusha, Tanzania., Lipende I; Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania., Mjungu D; Gombe Stream Research Center, The Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania., Pusey AE; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC USA., Lonsdorf EV; Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA USA., Gillespie TR; Department of Environmental Sciences and Program in Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolutionary Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA.; Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Behavioral ecology and sociobiology [Behav Ecol Sociobiol] 2021 May; Vol. 75 (5). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 01.
DOI: 10.1007/s00265-021-03030-3
Abstrakt: Increased risk of pathogen transmission through proximity and contact is a well-documented cost of sociality. Affiliative social contact, however, is an integral part of primate group life and can benefit health. Despite its importance to the evolution and maintenance of sociality, the tradeoff between costs and benefits of social contact for group-living primate species remains poorly understood. To improve our understanding of this interplay, we used social network analysis to investigate whether contact via association in the same space and/or physical contact measured through grooming were associated with helminth parasite species richness in a community of wild chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ). We identified parasite taxa in 381 fecal samples from 36 individuals from the Kasekela community of chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania, from November 1, 2006 - October 31, 2012. Over the study period, eight environmentally transmitted helminth taxa were identified. We quantified three network metrics for association and grooming contact, including degree strength, betweenness, and closeness. Our findings suggest that more gregarious individuals - those who spent more time with more individuals in the same space - had higher parasite richness, while the connections in the grooming network were not related to parasite richness. The expected parasite richness in individuals increased by 1.13 taxa (CI: 1.04, 1.22; p = 0.02) per one standard deviation increase in degree strength of association contact. The results of this study add to the understanding of the role that different types of social contact plays in the parasite richness of group-living social primates.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: