| Autor: |
Álvarez C; Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group API4, Department of Health, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile., Guzmán-Guzmán IP; Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo 39087, Mexico., Latorre-Román PÁ; Department of Didactics of Corporal Expression, University of Jaen, 27301 Jaen, Spain., Párraga-Montilla J; Department of Didactics of Corporal Expression, University of Jaen, 27301 Jaen, Spain., Palomino-Devia C; Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Tolima, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia., Reyes-Oyola FA; Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad de Tolima, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia., Paredes-Arévalo L; Department of Health, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile., Leal-Oyarzún M; Department of Health, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile., Obando-Calderón I; Department of Health, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile., Cresp-Barria M; Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile., Machuca-Barria C; Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile., Peña-Troncoso S; Institute of Educational Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5091000, Chile.; Faculty of Education and Culture, Universidad SEK, Santiago 5110566, Chile., Jerez-Mayorga D; Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile., Delgado-Floody P; Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile. |
| Abstrakt: |
The purpose of this cross-cultural study was to determine the association between the sociodemographic background of a child's parents (i.e., their socioeconomic level, marital status, and educational level) with the child's lifestyle (i.e., Mediterranean diet (MD), physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST)), and health markers. Material: This cross-sectional study included 1273 children, from Chile ( n = 496), Colombia ( n = 340), and Spain ( n = 437). The sociodemographic information together with the lifestyle and health markers of the children were measured. There was an inverse association between a low or medium-low socioeconomic level for the parents of Chilean children and handgrip strength (β -0.61, p < 0.001); meanwhile, for Spanish children, an inverse association between a low or medium-low socioeconomic level and PA after school (β -0.58, p = 0.016), lifestyle (β -0.74, p = 0.015), and with MD adherence (β -0.86, p = 0.004) was found. The risk (i.e., by odd ratios (OR)) of being divorced/separated parents marital status showed an inverse association with abdominal obesity (OR 0.21, p = 0.045) in Spanish children; however, the parent's marital status and a low educational level were risk factors for the suffering of a low nutritional level in Colombian children (OR 2.02, p = 0.048; OR 2.49, p < 0.001, respectively). On the other hand, a low educational level for parents reported for Chilean children had a positive association with ST of ≥4 h per day (OR 1.82, p = 0.020). In conclusion, in Spanish-speaking children, the lifestyle and health markers of the children are affected by the sociodemographic background of their parents; however, these effects could be moderated by the socio-cultural and economic status of their countries as members of the OCDE; therefore, it is essential to develop policies that decrease these gaps, so that children who are under-resourced can reach their full potential. |
