Upper mantle structure of Mars from InSight seismic data.

Autor: Khan A; Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. akhan@ethz.ch.; Physik-Institut, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland., Ceylan S; Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland., van Driel M; Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.; Mondaic AG, Zypressenstrasse 82, 8004 Zürich, Switzerland., Giardini D; Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland., Lognonné P; Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France., Samuel H; Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France., Schmerr NC; Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA., Stähler SC; Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland., Duran AC; Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland., Huang Q; Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA., Kim D; Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA., Broquet A; Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.; Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France., Charalambous C; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK., Clinton JF; Swiss Seismological Service, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland., Davis PM; Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Drilleau M; Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace SUPAERO, Toulouse, France., Karakostas F; Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA., Lekic V; Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA., McLennan SM; Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA., Maguire RR; Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA., Michaut C; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.; Laboratoire de Géologie, Terre, Planétes, Environnement, Lyon, France., Panning MP; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA., Pike WT; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK., Pinot B; Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace SUPAERO, Toulouse, France., Plasman M; Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France., Scholz JR; Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany., Widmer-Schnidrig R; Black Forest Observatory, Institute of Geodesy, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany., Spohn T; International Space Science Institute, Bern, Switzerland., Smrekar SE; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA., Banerdt WB; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2021 Jul 23; Vol. 373 (6553), pp. 434-438.
DOI: 10.1126/science.abf2966
Abstrakt: For 2 years, the InSight lander has been recording seismic data on Mars that are vital to constrain the structure and thermochemical state of the planet. We used observations of direct ( P and S ) and surface-reflected ( PP , PPP , SS , and SSS ) body-wave phases from eight low-frequency marsquakes to constrain the interior structure to a depth of 800 kilometers. We found a structure compatible with a low-velocity zone associated with a thermal lithosphere much thicker than on Earth that is possibly related to a weak S -wave shadow zone at teleseismic distances. By combining the seismic constraints with geodynamic models, we predict that, relative to the primitive mantle, the crust is more enriched in heat-producing elements by a factor of 13 to 20. This enrichment is greater than suggested by gamma-ray surface mapping and has a moderate-to-elevated surface heat flow.
(Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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