Quality and environmental footprints of diets by socio-economic status in Argentina.

Autor: Arrieta EM; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET y Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: earrieta@imbiv.unc.edu.ar., Geri M; Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur (IIESS) CONICET, Departamento de Economía y Departamento de Matemática de la Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Coquet JB; Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina., Scavuzzo CM; Instituto de Altos Estudios Espaciales 'Mario Gulich' CONAE, UNC, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina., Zapata ME; Center of Studies in Child Nutrition Dr. Alejandro O'Donnell (CESNI), Cerrito 1136, 1 (Post Code 1010), Buenos Aires City, Argentina., González AD; Instituto Andino-Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales (IPATEC), CONICET y Universidad Nacional del Comahue, 8400 Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2021 Dec 20; Vol. 801, pp. 149686. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 17.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149686
Abstrakt: Food consumption and production plays a major role on human health and environmental sustainability. In addition, socio-economic status (SES) could be an important determinant on these impacts. Here we investigated the quality and environmental footprints of diets of different SES in Argentina. Dietary data was obtained from a recent national-wide representative survey (21,547 households), and individual intake was estimated by applying the Adult-Male Equivalent (AME) approach. Dietary quality was assessed by comparing the apparent consumption of foods and nutrients with the level of intake associated with the lowest risk of mortality, and applying the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010). The environmental footprints were assessed with a set of six environmental indicators: greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, total land occupation, cropland demand, fossil energy use, freshwater consumption and eutrophying emissions. Per capita total expenditure was utilized as an indicator of SES. We found a suboptimal intake of healthy and excess of unhealthy foods and nutrients in all SES, as well as a low AHEI-2010 score (34.7 ± 3.56 over 100). Regarding environmental footprints per AME, we estimated 8.91 ± 2.49 kg CO 2 -eq/day for GHG emissions, 9.30 ± 2.93 MJ/day for fossil energy use, 54.2 ± 14.8 m 2 /day for total land occupation, 7.07 ± 1.90 m 2 /day for cropland demand, 205 ± 65.3 L/day for freshwater consumption and 19.8 ± 6.43 g PO 4 -eq/day for eutrophying emissions. The Argentinian diet was found to be both unhealthy and unsustainable in all socio-economic levels.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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