Real time monitoring of dopamine release evoked by mitragynine (Kratom): An insight through electrochemical sensor.

Autor: Effendy MA; Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia., Yunusa S; Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia; Department of Pharmacology, Bauchi State University Gadau, PMB 65, Bauchi State, Nigeria., Zain ZM; Electrochemical Material and Sensor Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: zainihar@uitm.edu.my., Hassan Z; Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia. Electronic address: zurina_hassan@usm.my.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neuroscience letters [Neurosci Lett] 2021 Oct 15; Vol. 763, pp. 136183. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 18.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136183
Abstrakt: Background: Mitragynine, the major indole alkaloid from Mitragyna speciosa has been reported previously to possess abuse liability. However, there are insufficient data suggesting the mechanism through which this pharmacological agent causes addiction.
Aims: In this study, we investigated the effects of mitragynine on dopamine (DA) level and dopamine transporter (DAT) expression from the rat's frontal cortex.
Methods: DA level was recorded in the brain samples of animals treated with acute or repeated exposure for 4 consecutive days with either vehicle or mitragynine (1 and 30 mg/kg) using electrochemical sensor. Animals were then decapitated and the brain regions were removed, snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and immediately stored at -80 °C. DA level was quantified using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits and DAT gene expression was determined using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
Results/outcome: Mitragynine (1 and 30 mg/kg) did not increase DA release following acute treatment, however, after repeated exposure at day 4, mitragynine significantly and dose dependently increased DA release in the frontal cortex. In this study, we also observed a significant increase in DAT mRNA expression at day 4 in group treated with mitragynine (30 mg/kg).
Conclusion/interpretation: Data from this study indicates that mitragynine significantly increased DA release when administered repeatedly, increased in DAT mRNA expression with the highest tested dose (30 mg/kg). Therefore, the rewarding effects observed after mitragynine administration could be due to its ability to increase DA content in certain areas of the brain especially the frontal cortex.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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