The Pancreatic ß-cell Response to Secretory Demands and Adaption to Stress.

Autor:	Kalwat MA; Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA., Scheuner D; Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA., Rodrigues-Dos-Santos K; Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA., Eizirik DL; Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.; ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium., Cobb MH; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Endocrinology [Endocrinology] 2021 Nov 01; Vol. 162 (11).
DOI:	10.1210/endocr/bqab173
Abstrakt:	Pancreatic β cells dedicate much of their protein translation capacity to producing insulin to maintain glucose homeostasis. In response to increased secretory demand, β cells can compensate by increasing insulin production capability even in the face of protracted peripheral insulin resistance. The ability to amplify insulin secretion in response to hyperglycemia is a critical facet of β-cell function, and the exact mechanisms by which this occurs have been studied for decades. To adapt to the constant and fast-changing demands for insulin production, β cells use the unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum. Failure of these compensatory mechanisms contributes to both type 1 and 2 diabetes. Additionally, studies in which β cells are "rested" by reducing endogenous insulin demand have shown promise as a therapeutic strategy that could be applied more broadly. Here, we review recent findings in β cells pertaining to the metabolic amplifying pathway, the unfolded protein response, and potential advances in therapeutics based on β-cell rest. (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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