The fecal microbiome and rotavirus vaccine immunogenicity in rural Zimbabwean infants.

Autor: Robertson RC; Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. Electronic address: r.robertson@qmul.ac.uk., Church JA; Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe., Edens TJ; Devil's Staircase Consulting, West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Mutasa K; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe., Min Geum H; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Baharmand I; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Gill SK; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada., Ntozini R; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe., Chasekwa B; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe., Carr L; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Canada., Majo FD; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe., Kirkpatrick BD; Vaccine Testing Center, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Lee B; Vaccine Testing Center, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., Moulton LH; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Humphrey JH; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Prendergast AJ; Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Manges AR; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Vaccine [Vaccine] 2021 Sep 07; Vol. 39 (38), pp. 5391-5400. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 13.
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.076
Abstrakt: Background: Oral rotavirus vaccine (RVV) immunogenicity is considerably lower in low- versus high-income populations; however, the mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Previous evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may contribute to differences in oral vaccine efficacy.
Methods: We performed whole metagenome shotgun sequencing on stool samples and measured anti-rotavirus immunoglobulin A in plasma samples from a subset of infants enrolled in a cluster randomized 2 × 2 factorial trial of improved water, sanitation and hygiene and infant feeding in rural Zimbabwe (SHINE trial: NCT01824940). We examined taxonomic microbiome composition and functional metagenome features using random forest models, differential abundance testing and regression analyses to explored associations with RVV immunogenicity.
Results: Among 158 infants with stool samples and anti-rotavirus IgA titres, 34 were RVV seroconverters. The median age at stool collection was 43 days (IQR: 35-68), corresponding to a median of 4 days before the first RVV dose. The infant microbiome was dominated by Bifidobacterium longum. The gut microbiome differed significantly between early (≤42 days) and later samples (>42 days) however, we observed no meaningful differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, species composition or functional metagenomic features by RVV seroconversion status. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was the only species associated with anti-rotavirus IgA titre. Random forest models poorly classified seroconversion status by both composition and functional microbiome variables.
Conclusions: RVV immunogenicity is low in this rural Zimbabwean setting, however it was not associated with the composition or function of the early-life gut microbiome in this study. Further research is warranted to examine the mechanisms of poor oral RVV efficacy in low-income countries.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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