Fermented maize slurry (Ogi) and its supernatant (Omidun) mitigate elevated intraocular pressure by modulating BDNF expression and glial plasticity in the retina-gut axis of glaucomatous rats.

Autor:	Fafure AA; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria., Edem EE; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria., Obisesan AO; Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria., Enye LA; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria., Adekeye AO; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria., Adetunji AE; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria., Nebo KE; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria., Olusegun AA; Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria., Fafure OE; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of complementary & integrative medicine [J Complement Integr Med] 2021 Aug 10; Vol. 19 (4), pp. 887-896. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 10 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1515/jcim-2021-0114
Abstrakt:	Objectives: Growing interest has been reported on the health benefits of fermented foods, which includes cognition enhancement and inflammation attenuation. BDNF is a known protectant against retinal degeneration, however, therapies that target this neurotrophic factor has been limited. Therefore, we assessed the reaction of BDNF and glial cells in glaucomatous rats and their response to treatment with fermented maize products. Methods: Thirty male adult rats were either injected via the episcleral vein with hypertonic saline to elevate intraocular pressure (IOP) or treated with fermented maize slurry (Ogi) or its supernatant (Omidun). Following sacrifice, the retina and duodenum were studied by immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies directed against GFAP, AIF-1 and BDNF. Results: Hypertonic saline injection produced hypertrophy of the Müller cells and increased GFAP and AIF-1 expression in the retina and gut when compared to the control. Treatment with Ogi and Omidun produced varying degrees of reduction of gliosis, protection against hypertonic saline-induced retinal ganglion cell loss, and reduced intraocular pressure. BDNF expression was downregulated following the hypertonic saline assault, while Omidun and Ogi treatment abrogated its reduction following the hypertonic saline assault. Conclusions: Collectively, our findings suggest that acute elevation of IOP alters crosstalk between gut and retina with consequent aberrant activation of glial cells; and that probiotic bacteria like the lactic acid bacteria rich in fermented foods including Ogi and Omidun may offer neuroprotection to the ganglionic cells by attenuating the retinal glial reaction and improving BDNF activity. (© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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