Congenital hypothyroidism and thyroid cancer.

Autor:	Penna G; Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.; Endocrinology Service of Institute Orizonti, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil., Rubio IGS; Department of Biological Science, Molecular Thyroid Science Laboratory, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Estructural and Functional Biology Program, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Brust ES; Department of Biological Science, Molecular Thyroid Science Laboratory, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Biotechnology Post-graduation Program, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Cazarin J; Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Hecht F; Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Alkmim NR; Endocrinology Service of Institute Orizonti, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.; Post-Graduation Program Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., Rajão KMAB; Endocrinology Service of Institute Orizonti, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.; Endocrinology Service of Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., Ramos HE; Department of Bioregulation, Health & Science Institute, Thyroid Study Laboratory, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.; Post-Graduation Program Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.; Post-Graduate Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Health & Science Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Endocrine-related cancer [Endocr Relat Cancer] 2021 Jul 22; Vol. 28 (9), pp. R217-R230. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 22 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.1530/ERC-21-0159
Abstrakt:	Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) combined with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a rare situation, and there is no well-established causal relationship. CH is a common congenital endocrine, while DTC occurring in childhood represents 0.4-3% of all malignancies at this stage of life. The association of CH with DTC could be related to dyshormonogenetic goiter (DHG) or developmental abnormalities. This review will explore the clinical features and the molecular mechanisms potentially associated with the appearance of DTC in CH: sporadic somatic driver mutations, chronic increase of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), cell division cycle associated 8 (Borelain/CDC8) gene mutations, and in others genes associated with CH - either alone or associated with the mechanisms involved in dyshormonogenesis. There are some pitfalls in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer in patients with CH with nodular goiter, as the proper cytological diagnosis of nodules of patients with dyshormonogenesis might be demanding due to the specific architectural and cytological appearance, which may lead to an erroneous interpretation of malignancy. The purpose of this article is to suggest an analytical framework that embraces the fundamental relationships between the various aspects of CH and CDT. In face of this scenario, the entire genetic and epigenetic context, the complex functioning, and cross talk of cell signaling may determine cellular mechanisms promoting both the maintenance of the differentiated state of the thyroid follicular cell and the disruption of its homeostasis leading to cancer. Whereas, the exact mechanisms for thyroid cancer development in CH remain to be elucidated. (Society for Endocrinology 2021.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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