The gut microbiome buffers dietary adaptation in Bronze Age domesticated dogs.

Autor:	Rampelli S; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Turroni S; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Debandi F; Department of History and Cultures, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Alberdi A; Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Schnorr SL; Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research, Klosterneuburg, Austria.; Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA., Hofman CA; Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology and Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.; Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA., Taddia A; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Helg R; Department of History and Cultures, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Biagi E; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Brigidi P; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., D'Amico F; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Cattani M; Department of History and Cultures, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Candela M; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	IScience [iScience] 2021 Jul 09; Vol. 24 (8), pp. 102816. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 09 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.1016/j.isci.2021.102816
Abstrakt:	In an attempt to explore the role of the gut microbiome during recent canine evolutionary history, we sequenced the metagenome of 13 canine coprolites dated ca. 3,600-3,450 years ago from the Bronze Age archaeological site of Solarolo (Italy), which housed a complex farming community. The microbiome structure of Solarolo dogs revealed continuity with that of modern dogs, but it also shared some features with the wild wolf microbiome, as a kind of transitional state between them. The dietary niche, as also inferred from the microbiome composition, was omnivorous, with evidence of consumption of starchy agricultural foods. Of interest, the Solarolo dog microbiome was particularly enriched in sequences encoding alpha-amylases and complemented a low copy number of the host amylase gene. These findings suggest that Neolithic dogs could have responded to the transition to a starch-rich diet by expanding microbial functionalities devoted to starch catabolism, thus compensating for delayed host response. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. (© 2021 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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