Evoking highly focal percepts in the fingertips through targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of the brain for sensory restoration.

Autor: Chandrasekaran S; Neural Bypass and Brain Computer Interface Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA. Electronic address: schandraseka@northwell.edu., Bickel S; The Human Brain Mapping Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA., Herrero JL; The Human Brain Mapping Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA., Kim JW; Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA., Markowitz N; The Human Brain Mapping Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA., Espinal E; The Human Brain Mapping Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA., Bhagat NA; Neural Bypass and Brain Computer Interface Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA., Ramdeo R; Neural Bypass and Brain Computer Interface Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA., Xu J; Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA., Glasser MF; Departments of Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA., Bouton CE; Neural Bypass and Brain Computer Interface Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA. Electronic address: cbouton@northwell.edu., Mehta AD; The Human Brain Mapping Laboratory, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Brain stimulation [Brain Stimul] 2021 Sep-Oct; Vol. 14 (5), pp. 1184-1196. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 03.
DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.07.009
Abstrakt: Background: Paralysis and neuropathy, affecting millions of people worldwide, can be accompanied by significant loss of somatosensation. With tactile sensation being central to achieving dexterous movement, brain-computer interface (BCI) researchers have used intracortical and cortical surface electrical stimulation to restore somatotopically-relevant sensation to the hand. However, these approaches are restricted to stimulating the gyral areas of the brain. Since representation of distal regions of the hand extends into the sulcal regions of human primary somatosensory cortex (S1), it has been challenging to evoke sensory percepts localized to the fingertips.
Objective/hypothesis: Targeted stimulation of sulcal regions of S1, using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) depth electrodes, can evoke focal sensory percepts in the fingertips.
Methods: Two participants with intractable epilepsy received cortical stimulation both at the gyri via high-density electrocorticography (HD-ECoG) grids and in the sulci via SEEG depth electrode leads. We characterized the evoked sensory percepts localized to the hand.
Results: We show that highly focal percepts can be evoked in the fingertips of the hand through sulcal stimulation. fMRI, myelin content, and cortical thickness maps from the Human Connectome Project elucidated specific cortical areas and sub-regions within S1 that evoked these focal percepts. Within-participant comparisons showed that percepts evoked by sulcal stimulation via SEEG electrodes were significantly more focal (80% less area; p = 0.02) and localized to the fingertips more often, than by gyral stimulation via HD-ECoG electrodes. Finally, sulcal locations with consistent modulation of high-frequency neural activity during mechanical tactile stimulation of the fingertips showed the same somatotopic correspondence as cortical stimulation.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate minimally invasive sulcal stimulation via SEEG electrodes could be a clinically viable approach to restoring sensation.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome.
(Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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