Immobilization, cardiopulmonary and blood gas effects of ketamine-butorphanol-medetomidine versus butorphanol-midazolam-medetomidine in free-ranging serval (Leptailurus serval).
| Autor: | Blignaut CJ; Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa., Steenkamp G; Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa., Loock D; Secunda Synfuels Operations, Division of Sasol South Africa, Secunda, South Africa., Emslie R; Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa., Zeiler GE; Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa; Anaesthesia and Critical Care Services, Valley Farm Animal Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa. Electronic address: gareth.zeiler@up.ac.za. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia [Vet Anaesth Analg] 2021 Sep; Vol. 48 (5), pp. 707-715. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 28. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.01.011 |
| Abstrakt: | Objective: To compare ketamine-butorphanol-medetomidine (KBM) with butorphanol-midazolam-medetomidine (BMM) immobilization of serval. Study Design: Blinded, randomized trial. Animals: A total of 23 captures [KBM: five females, six males; 10.7 kg (mean); BMM: 10 females, two males; 9.6 kg]. Methods: Serval were cage trapped and immobilized using the assigned drug combination delivered via a blow dart into gluteal muscles. Prior to darting, a stress score was assigned (0: calm; to 3: markedly stressed). Drug combinations were dosed based on estimated body weights: 8.0, 0.4 and 0.08 mg kg -1 for KBM and 0.4, 0.3 and 0.08 mg kg -1 for BMM, respectively. Time to first handling, duration of anaesthesia and recovery times were recorded. Physiological variables including blood glucose and body temperature were recorded at 5 minute intervals. Atipamezole (5 mg mg -1 medetomidine) and naltrexone (2 mg mg -1 butorphanol) were administered intramuscularly prior to recovery. Data, presented as mean values, were analysed using general linear mixed model and Spearman's correlation (stress score, glucose, temperature); significance was p < 0.05. Results: Doses based on actual body weights were 8.7, 0.4 and 0.09 mg kg -1 for KBM and 0.5, 0.4 and 0.09 mg kg -1 for BMM, respectively. Time to first handling was 10.2 and 13.3 minutes for KBM and BMM, respectively (p = 0.033). Both combinations provided cardiovascular stability during anaesthesia that lasted a minimum of 35 minutes. Recovery was rapid and calm overall, but ataxia was noted in KBM. Stress score was strongly correlated to blood glucose (r 2 = 0.788; p = 0.001) and temperature (r 2 = 0.634; p = 0.015). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Both combinations produced similar effective immobilization that was cardiovascularly stable in serval. Overall, BMM is recommended because it is fully antagonizable. A calm, quiet environment before drug administration is essential to avoid capture-induced hyperglycaemia and hyperthermia. (Copyright © 2021 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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