The Effects of Social Distancing Policies on Non-SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Pathogens.

Autor: Nawrocki J; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Olin K; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Holdrege MC; Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA., Hartsell J; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Meyers L; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Cox C; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Powell M; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Cook CV; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Jones J; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Robbins T; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Hemmert A; BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Ginocchio CC; bioMérieux, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Open forum infectious diseases [Open Forum Infect Dis] 2021 Mar 17; Vol. 8 (7), pp. ofab133. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 17 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab133
Abstrakt: Background: The initial focus of the US public health response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was the implementation of numerous social distancing policies. While COVID-19 was the impetus for imposing these policies, it is not the only respiratory disease affected by their implementation. This study aimed to assess the impact of social distancing policies on non-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) respiratory pathogens typically circulating across multiple US states.
Methods: Linear mixed-effect models were implemented to explore the effects of 5 social distancing policies on non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory pathogens across 9 states from January 1 through May 1, 2020. The observed 2020 pathogen detection rates were compared week by week with historical rates to determine when the detection rates were different.
Results: Model results indicate that several social distancing policies were associated with a reduction in total detection rate, by nearly 15%. Policies were associated with decreases in pathogen circulation of human rhinovirus/enterovirus and human metapneumovirus, as well as influenza A, which typically decrease after winter. Parainfluenza viruses failed to circulate at historical levels during the spring. The total detection rate in April 2020 was 35% less than the historical average. Many of the pathogens driving this difference fell below the historical detection rate ranges within 2 weeks of initial policy implementation.
Conclusions: This analysis investigated the effect of multiple social distancing policies implemented to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory pathogens. These findings suggest that social distancing policies may be used as an impactful public health tool to reduce communicable respiratory illness.
(© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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