The burden of skin disease and eye disease due to onchocerciasis in countries formerly under the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control mandate for 1990, 2020, and 2030.

Autor: Vinkeles Melchers NVS; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands., Stolk WA; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands., van Loon W; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.; Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany., Pedrique B; Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi), Geneva, Switzerland., Bakker R; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands., Murdoch ME; Department of Dermatology, West Herts Hospitals NHS Trust, Watford General Hospital, Watford, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom., de Vlas SJ; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands., Coffeng LE; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2021 Jul 26; Vol. 15 (7), pp. e0009604. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 26 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009604
Abstrakt: Background: Onchocerciasis ("river blindness") can cause severe morbidity, including vision loss and various skin manifestations, and is targeted for elimination using ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA). We calculated the number of people with Onchocerca volvulus infection and onchocercal skin and eye disease as well as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost from 1990 through to 2030 in areas formerly covered by the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control.
Methods: Per MDA implementation unit, we collated data on the pre-control distribution of microfilariae (mf) prevalence and the history of control. Next, we predicted trends in infection and morbidity over time using the ONCHOSIM simulation model. DALY estimates were calculated using disability weights from the Global Burden of Disease Study.
Results: In 1990, prior to MDA implementation, the total population at risk was 79.8 million with 26.0 million (32.5%) mf-positive individuals, of whom 17.5 million (21.9%) had some form of onchocercal skin or eye disease (2.5 million DALYs lost). By 2030, the total population was predicted to increase to 236.1 million, while the number of mf-positive cases (about 6.8 million, 2.9%), people with skin or eye morbidity (4.2 million, 1.8%), and DALYs lost (0.7 million) were predicted to decline.
Conclusions: MDA has had a remarkable impact on the onchocerciasis burden in countries previously under the APOC mandate. In the few countries where we predict continued transmission between now and 2030, intensified MDA could be combined with local vector control efforts, or the introduction of new drugs for mopping up residual cases of infection and morbidity.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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