Evidence for selectively constrained 3D flower shape evolution in a Late Miocene clade of Malagasy Bulbophyllum orchids.

Autor: Artuso S; Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, A-5020, Austria., Gamisch A; Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, A-5020, Austria., Staedler YM; Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, A-1030, Austria., Schönenberger J; Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, A-1030, Austria., Comes HP; Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, A-5020, Austria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The New phytologist [New Phytol] 2021 Oct; Vol. 232 (2), pp. 853-867. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 24.
DOI: 10.1111/nph.17643
Abstrakt: Questions concerning the evolution of complex biological structures are central to the field of evolutionary biology. Yet, still little information is known about the modes and temporal dynamics of three-dimensional (3D) flower shape evolution across the history of clades. Here, we combined high-resolution X-ray computed tomography with 3D geometric morphometrics and phylogenetic comparative methods to test models of whole-flower shape evolution in the orchid family, using an early Late Miocene clade (c. 50 spp.) of Malagasy Bulbophyllum as model system. Based on landmark data of 38 species, our high-dimensional model fitting decisively rejects a purely neutral mode of evolution, suggesting instead that flower shapes evolved towards a primary adaptive optimum. Only a small number of recently evolved species/lineages attained alternative shape optima, resulting in an increased rate of phenotypic evolution. Our findings provide evidence of constrained 3D flower shape evolution in a small-sized clade of tropical orchids, resulting in low rates of phenotypic evolution and uncoupled trait-diversification rates. We hypothesise that this deep imprint of evolutionary constraint on highly complex floral structures might reflect long-term (directional and/or stabilizing) selection exerted by the group's main pollinators (flies).
(© 2021 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2021 New Phytologist Foundation.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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