Lung function, COPD and cognitive function: a multivariable and two sample Mendelian randomization study.

Autor: Higbee DH; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Academic Respiratory Unit, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK., Granell R; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Hemani G; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Smith GD; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Dodd JW; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK. James.dodd@bristol.ac.uk.; Academic Respiratory Unit, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK. James.dodd@bristol.ac.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC pulmonary medicine [BMC Pulm Med] 2021 Jul 22; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 246. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 22.
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01611-6
Abstrakt: Background: Observational studies show an association between reduced lung function and impaired cognition. Cognitive dysfunction influences important health outcomes and is a precursor to dementia, but treatments options are currently very limited. Attention has therefore focused on identifying modifiable risk factors to prevent cognitive decline and preserve cognition. Our objective was to determine if lung function or risk of COPD causes reduced cognitive function using Mendelian randomization (MR).
Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms from genome wide association studies of lung function and COPD were used as exposures. We examined their effect on general cognitive function in a sample of 132,452 individuals. We then performed multivariable MR (MVMR), examining the effect of lung function before and after conditioning for covariates.
Results: We found only weak evidence that reduced lung function (Beta - 0.002 (SE 0.02), p-value 0.86) or increased liability to COPD (- 0.008 (0.008), p-value 0.35) causes lower cognitive function. MVMR found both reduced FEV 1 and FVC do cause lower cognitive function, but that after conditioning for height (- 0.03 (0.03), p-value 0.29 and - 0.01 (0.03) p-value 0.62, for FEV1 and FVC respectively) and educational attainment (- 0.03 (0.03) p-value 0.33 and - 0.01 (0.02), p-value 0.35) the evidence became weak.
Conclusion: We did not find evidence that reduced lung function or COPD causes reduced cognitive function. Previous observational studies are probably affected by residual confounding. Research efforts should focus on shared risk factors for reduced lung function and cognition, rather than lung function alone as a modifiable risk factor.
(© 2021. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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