Lifting COVID-19 mitigation measures in Spain (May-June 2020).

Autor: Monge S; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: smonge@mscbs.es., Zamalloa PL; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Moros MJS; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Olaso OP; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Miguel LGS; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Varela C; National Centre of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain., Ariza SR; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Torres MCV; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Lucerón MDCO; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Yuste PG; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Crespo PS; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Pozo JSD; Madrid Salud (Madrid Council Public Health Agency), Madrid, Spain., Gullón P; APLICA Investigación y Traslación Soc Coop Mad, Madrid, Spain., Carrasco JM; APLICA Investigación y Traslación Soc Coop Mad, Madrid, Spain., Sánchez EVM; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Bravo LR; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Castañeda MP; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Hermida MJP; General Directorate of Public Health, Autonomous Community of Galicia, Spain., Vidal XH; General Directorate of Public Health, Autonomous Community of Galicia, Spain., Gonzalez IH; General Directorate of Public Health, Principality of Asturias, Spain., Margolles M; General Directorate of Public Health, Principality of Asturias, Spain., Luna HV; Subdirectorate of Epidemiology and Public Health Surveillance, Autonomous Community of Valencia, Spain., Gómara ER; General Directorate of Public Health, Consumption and Care, Autonomous Community of La Rioja, Spain., Martín JJP; General Directorate of Public Health and Addictions, Region of Murcia, Spain., López MDC; General Directorate of Public Health and Addictions, Region of Murcia, Spain., Fernández MJL; Extremadura Health Service, Autonomous Community of Extremadura, Spain., Lorusso N; General Directorate of Public Health and Pharmacy, Autonomous Community of Andalusia, Spain., Ubago AC; General Directorate of Public Health and Pharmacy, Autonomous Community of Andalusia, Spain., Perez AR; Ministry of Health, Autonomous City of Ceuta, Spain., Marin VR; Ministry of Health, Autonomous City of Ceuta, Spain., Alvarez JJC; Health Sciences Institute of Castile-La Mancha, Autonomous Community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain., Pérez DC; General Directorate of Public Health and Consumption, Autonomous City of Melilla, Spain., Anés AAG; General Directorate of Public Health and Consumption, Autonomous City of Melilla, Spain., Frontera M; Ministry of Health, Balearic Islands, Spain., Rodriguez PM; Ministry of Health, Balearic Islands, Spain., León EEÁ; General Directorate of Public Health, Canary Islands, Spain., Casañas MD; General Directorate of Public Health, Canary Islands, Spain., Perez MAL; General Directorate of Public Health, Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain., Ágreda JPAP; General Directorate of Public Health, Autonomous Community of Aragón, Spain., Gutierrez PN; General Directorate of Public Health, Autonomous Community of Cantabria, Spain., Aguilar IR; General Directorate of Public Health, Autonomous Community of Castilla y León, Spain., Axpe JMA; General Directorate of Public Health and Addictions, Basque Country, Spain., Carril FG; General Directorate of Public Health and Addictions, Basque Country, Spain., Azcárraga PA; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Soria FS; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain., Rodríguez BS; Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain.
Jazyk: English; Spanish; Castilian
Zdroj: Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.) [Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed)] 2021 Jun 12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 12.
DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2021.05.011
Abstrakt: Introduction: The state of alarm was declared in Spain due to the COVID-19 epidemic on March 14, 2020, and established population confinement measures. The objective is to describe the process of lifting these mitigation measures.
Methods: The Plan for the Transition to a New Normality, approved on April 28, contained four sequential phases with progressive increase in socio-economic activities and population mobility. In parallel, a new strategy for early diagnosis, surveillance and control was implemented. A bilateral decision mechanism was established between the Spanish Government and the autonomous communities (AC), guided by a set of qualitative and quantitative indicators capturing the epidemiological situation and core capacities. The territorial units were established ad-hoc and could be from Basic Health Zones to entire AC.
Results: The process run from May 4 to June 21, 2020. AC implemented plans for reinforcement of core capacities. Incidence decreased from a median (50% of territories) of 7.4 per 100,000 in 7 days at the beginning to 2.5 at the end. Median PCR testing increased from 53% to 89% of suspected cases and PCR total capacity from 4.5 to 9.8 per 1000 inhabitants weekly; positivity rate decreased from 3.5% to 1.8%. Median proportion of cases with traced contacts increased from 82% to 100%.
Conclusion: Systematic data collection, analysis, and interterritorial dialogue allowed adequate process control. The epidemiological situation improved but, mostly, the process entailed a great reinforcement of core response capacities nation-wide, under common criteria. Maintaining and further reinforcing capacities remained crucial for responding to future waves.
(Copyright © 2021 Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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