Crucial Role of PLGA Nanoparticles in Mitigating the Amiodarone-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity.

Autor: Motawea A; Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt., Ahmed DAM; Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt., El-Mansy AA; Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; Department of Histology, Horus University, Dumyat al Jadidah, Egypt., Saleh NM; Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of nanomedicine [Int J Nanomedicine] 2021 Jul 08; Vol. 16, pp. 4713-4737. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 08 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S314074
Abstrakt: Background: Amiodarone (AMD) is a widely used anti-arrhythmic drug, but its administration could be associated with varying degrees of pulmonary toxicity. In attempting to circumvent this issue, AMD-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (AMD-loaded NPs) had been designed.
Materials and Methods: AMD was loaded in NPs by the nanoprecipitation method using two stabilizers: bovine serum albumin and Kolliphor ® P 188. The physicochemical properties of the AMD-loaded NPs were determined. Among the prepared NPs, two ones were selected for further investigation of spectral and thermal analysis as well as morphological properties. Additionally, in vitro release patterns were studied and kinetically analyzed at different pH values. In vitro cytotoxicity of an optimized formula (NP 4 ) was quantified using A549 and Hep-2 cell lines. In vivo assessment of the pulmonary toxicity on Sprague Dawley rats via histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations was applied.
Results: The developed NPs achieved a size not more than 190 nm with an encapsulation efficiency of more than 88%. Satisfactory values of loading capacity and yield were also attained. The spectral and thermal analysis demonstrated homogeneous entrapment of AMD inside the polymeric matrix of NPs. Morphology revealed uniform, core-shell structured, and sphere-shaped particles with a smooth surface. Furthermore, the AMD-loaded NPs exhibited a pH-dependent and diffusion-controlled release over a significant period without an initial burst effect. NP 4 demonstrated a superior cytoprotective efficiency by diminishing cell death and significantly increasing the IC50 by more than threefold above the pure AMD. Also, NP 4 ameliorated AMD-induced pulmonary damage in rats. Significant downregulation of inflammatory mediators and free radicle production were noticed in the NP 4 -treated rats.
Conclusion: The AMD-loaded NPs could ameliorate the pulmonary injury induced by the pure drug moieties. Cytoprotective, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties were presented by the optimized NPs (NP 4 ). Future studies may be built on these findings for diminishing AMD-induced off-target toxicities.
Competing Interests: The authors reported no conflicts of interest for this work.
(© 2021 Motawea et al.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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