DNA barcoding identifies cryptic animal tool materials.

Autor:	Steele MP; Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, United Kingdom., Neaves LE; Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, United Kingdom.; The Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia., Klump BC; Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, United Kingdom., St Clair JJH; Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, United Kingdom., Fernandes JRSM; Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, United Kingdom., Hequet V; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Centre de Nouméa, 98848 Nouméa, New Caledonia, France., Shaw P; Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, United Kingdom., Hollingsworth PM; Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, United Kingdom., Rutz C; Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, United Kingdom; christian.rutz@st-andrews.ac.uk.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2021 Jul 20; Vol. 118 (29).
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2020699118
Abstrakt:	Some animals fashion tools or constructions out of plant materials to aid foraging, reproduction, self-maintenance, or protection. Their choice of raw materials can affect the structure and properties of the resulting artifacts, with considerable fitness consequences. Documenting animals' material preferences is challenging, however, as manufacture behavior is often difficult to observe directly, and materials may be processed so heavily that they lack identifying features. Here, we use DNA barcoding to identify, from just a few recovered tool specimens, the plant species New Caledonian crows ( Corvus moneduloides ) use for crafting elaborate hooked stick tools in one of our long-term study populations. The method succeeded where extensive fieldwork using an array of conventional approaches-including targeted observations, camera traps, radio-tracking, bird-mounted video cameras, and behavioral experiments with wild and temporarily captive subjects-had failed. We believe that DNA barcoding will prove useful for investigating many other tool and construction behaviors, helping to unlock significant research potential across a wide range of study systems. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest. (Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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