Income Shocks and Out-of-Pocket Health Care Spending: Implications for Single-Mother Families.

Autor: Grafova IB; Department of Health Behaviors, Society, and Policy, Rutgers University School of Public Health, 683 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA., Monheit AC; Department of Health Behaviors, Society, and Policy, Rutgers University School of Public Health, 683 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA., Kumar R; Department of Sociology, University of Maryland, 2112 Parren J. Mitchell Art-Sociology Bldg, rm 3105, College Park, MD 20742 USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of family and economic issues [J Fam Econ Issues] 2022; Vol. 43 (3), pp. 489-500. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 06.
DOI: 10.1007/s10834-021-09780-6
Abstrakt: We examine how out-of-pocket health care spending by single-mother families responds to income losses. We use eleven two-year panels of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey for the period 2004-2015 and apply the correlated random effects estimation approach. We categorize income in relation to the federal poverty line (FPL): poor or near-poor (less than 125% of the FPL); low income (125 to 199% of the FPL); middle income (200 to 399% of the FPL); and high income (400% of the FPL or more). Income losses among high-income single-mother families lead a decline in out-of-pocket spending toward office-based care and emergency room care of $119-$138 and $30-$60, respectively. Among middle-income single-mother families, income losses lead to a $30 decline in out-of-pocket spending toward family emergency room care and a $45-$91 decline in mother's out-of-pocket spending toward prescription medications. Further research should examine whether these declines compromise health status of single-mother family members.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
(© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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