Sero-prevalence and risk factors of Brucella presence in farm bulk milk from open and zero grazing cattle production systems in Rwanda.

Autor: Djangwani J; College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya.; College of Agriculture, Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Rwanda, Musanze, Rwanda., Abong' GO; College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya., Njue LG; College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya., Kaindi DWM; College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, University of Nairobi, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary medicine and science [Vet Med Sci] 2021 Sep; Vol. 7 (5), pp. 1656-1670. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 08.
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.562
Abstrakt: Background: Animal and human brucelloses have been reported in Rwanda, human brucellosis being linked to drinking inadequately heat-treated milk. However, information on Brucella detection and prevalence in milk produced in Rwanda is limited.
Objectives: To determine the sero-prevalence and risk factors of Brucella in farm bulk milk from zero and open grazing cattle production systems in Rwanda.
Methods: A total of 330 farm bulk milk samples were collected from 198 zero grazing farms and 132 open grazing farms in a cross-sectional study in Rwanda. Sero-prevalence of Brucella in milk was analysed using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A questionnaire was administered to farmers to determine the risk factors of milk contamination with Brucella.
Results: Anti-Brucella antibodies were prevalent in 19.7% (95% confidence interval (CI), 15.5-24.4) of the 330 collected farm bulk milk. Sero-prevalence was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in open grazing farms (37.9% [50/132]) than in zero grazing farms (7.6% [15/198]). Practising open grazing system (odds ratio, OR = 69.5; 95% CI = 1.6-3033.6), history of abortion (OR = 19.5; 95% CI = 8.1-46.8) and placenta retention (OR = 4.2; 95% CI = 1.7-10.3) were the significant risk factors for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies in milk.
Conclusion: Notably, more than a third of farm bulk milk from open grazing farms in Rwanda contains Brucella antibodies. Considering the zoonotic nature of Brucella, there is a need to reinforce brucellosis control programs in the country.
(© 2021 The Authors. Veterinary Medicine and Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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