Functional brain imaging using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography in 138 patients with Kleine-Levin syndrome: an early marker?

Autor:	Dudoignon B; Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Inserm UMR-S975, CNRS UMR7225, Paris 75013, France.; Sleep Disorders Unit, National Reference Centre for Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Pitié Salpêtrière University Hospital, APHP, Paris 75013, France., Tainturier LE; Nuclear Medicine Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Paris 75013, France.; LIB, INSERM U1146, 75013 Paris, France., Dodet P; Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Inserm UMR-S975, CNRS UMR7225, Paris 75013, France.; Sleep Disorders Unit, National Reference Centre for Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Pitié Salpêtrière University Hospital, APHP, Paris 75013, France., Bera G; Nuclear Medicine Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Paris 75013, France.; LIB, INSERM U1146, 75013 Paris, France., Groos E; Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Inserm UMR-S975, CNRS UMR7225, Paris 75013, France.; Sleep Disorders Unit, National Reference Centre for Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Pitié Salpêtrière University Hospital, APHP, Paris 75013, France., Chaumereuil C; Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Inserm UMR-S975, CNRS UMR7225, Paris 75013, France.; Sleep Disorders Unit, National Reference Centre for Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Pitié Salpêtrière University Hospital, APHP, Paris 75013, France., Maranci JB; Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Inserm UMR-S975, CNRS UMR7225, Paris 75013, France.; Sleep Disorders Unit, National Reference Centre for Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Pitié Salpêtrière University Hospital, APHP, Paris 75013, France., Kas A; Nuclear Medicine Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Paris 75013, France.; LIB, INSERM U1146, 75013 Paris, France., Arnulf I; Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Inserm UMR-S975, CNRS UMR7225, Paris 75013, France.; Sleep Disorders Unit, National Reference Centre for Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Pitié Salpêtrière University Hospital, APHP, Paris 75013, France.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Brain communications [Brain Commun] 2021 Jun 17; Vol. 3 (2), pp. fcab130. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 17 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.1093/braincomms/fcab130
Abstrakt:	Kleine-Levin syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by relapsing-remitting episodes of severe hypersomnia, cognitive impairment, apathy, derealization and behavioural disturbances. Between episodes, most patients experience normal sleep, mood and behaviour, but they may have some residual abnormalities in brain functional imaging; however, the frequency, localization and significance of abnormal imaging are unknown, as brain functional imaging have been scarce and heterogenous [including scintigraphy 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (FDG-PET/CT) and functional MRI during resting state and cognitive effort] and based on case reports or on group analysis in small groups. Using visual individual analysis of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography at the time of Kleine-Levin syndrome diagnosis, we examined the frequency, localization and clinical determinants of hypo- and hypermetabolism in a cross-sectional study. Among 179 patients with Kleine-Levin syndrome who underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography, the visual analysis was restricted to the 138 untreated patients studied during asymptomatic periods. As many as 70% of patients had hypometabolism, mostly affecting the posterior associative cortex and the hippocampus. Hypometabolism was associated with younger age, recent (<3   years) disease course and a higher number of episodes during the preceding year. The hypometabolism was more extensive (from the left temporo-occipital junction to the entire homolateral and then the bilateral posterior associative cortex) at the beginning of the disorder. In contrast, there was hypermetabolism in the prefrontal dorsolateral cortex in half of the patients (almost all having concomitant hypometabolism in the posterior areas), which was also associated with younger age and shorter disease course. The cognitive performances (including episodic memory) were similar in patients with versus without hippocampus hypometabolism. In conclusion, hypometabolism is frequently observed upon individual visual analysis of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography during asymptomatic Kleine-Levin syndrome periods; it is mostly affecting the posterior associative cortex and the hippocampus and is mostly in young patients with recent-onset disease. Hypometabolism provides a trait marker during the first years of Kleine-Levin syndrome, which could help clinicians during the diagnosis process. (© The Author(s) (2021). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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