T-cell engager antibodies enable T cells to control HBV infection and to target HBsAg-positive hepatoma in mice.

Autor: Quitt O; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Luo S; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Meyer M; Antigen Presentation and T/NK Cell Activation Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany., Xie Z; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Golsaz-Shirazi F; Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Loffredo-Verde E; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Festag J; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Bockmann JH; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich and Hamburg Partner sites, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany., Zhao L; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Stadler D; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Chou WM; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Tedjokusumo R; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Wettengel JM; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Ko C; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Noeßner E; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Bulbuc N; Antigen Presentation and T/NK Cell Activation Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany., Shokri F; Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Lüttgau S; Department of Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany., Heikenwälder M; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Bohne F; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany., Moldenhauer G; Department of Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany., Momburg F; Antigen Presentation and T/NK Cell Activation Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany., Protzer U; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich and Hamburg Partner sites, Germany. Electronic address: protzer@tum.de.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of hepatology [J Hepatol] 2021 Nov; Vol. 75 (5), pp. 1058-1071. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 23.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.06.022
Abstrakt: Background & Aims: Current antiviral therapies control but rarely eliminate HBV, leaving chronic HBV carriers at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lacking or dysfunctional virus-specific adaptive immunity prevents control of HBV and allows the virus to persist. Restoring antiviral T-cell immunity could lead to HBV elimination and cure of chronically infected patients.
Methods: We constructed bispecific T-cell engager antibodies that are designed to induce antiviral immunity through simultaneous binding of HBV envelope proteins (HBVenv) on infected hepatocytes and CD3 or CD28 on T cells. T-cell engager antibodies were employed in co-cultures with healthy donor lymphocytes and HBV-infected target cells. Activation of the T-cell response was determined by detection of pro-inflammatory cytokines, effector function (by cytotoxicity) and antiviral effects. To study in vivo efficacy, immune-deficient mice were transplanted with HBVenv-positive and -negative hepatoma cells.
Results: The 2 T-cell engager antibodies synergistically activated T cells to become polyfunctional effectors that in turn elicited potent antiviral effects by killing infected cells and in addition controlled HBV via non-cytolytic, cytokine-mediated antiviral mechanisms. In vivo in mice, the antibodies attracted T cells specifically to the tumors expressing HBVenv resulting in T-cell activation, tumor infiltration and reduction of tumor burden.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the administration of HBVenv-targeting T-cell engager antibodies facilitates a robust T-cell redirection towards HBV-positive target cells and provides a feasible and promising approach for the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis and HBV-associated HCC.
Lay Summary: T-cell engager antibodies are an interesting, novel therapeutic tool to restore immunity in patients with chronic hepatitis B. As bispecific antibodies, they bind envelope proteins on the surface of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and CD3 or CD28 on T cells. This way, they induce a potent antiviral and cytotoxic T-cell response that leads to the elimination of HBV-positive cells. These bispecific T-cell engager antibodies are exciting therapeutic candidates for chronic hepatitis B and HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest U.P., F.M.,F.B., G.M. and O.Q. are named as inventors on patents WO 2015/036606 held by HMGU and DKFZ and WO 2016/146702 held by HMGU, DKFZ and TUM. U.P. serves as ad hoc advisor for Roche, Gilead, GSK, Merck, Arbutus and Vir Biotech. U.P. is co-founder and share-holder of SCG Cell Therapy who licensed patents WO 2015/036606 and WO 2016/146702. The remaining authors do not disclose a conflict of interest. Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details.
(Copyright © 2021 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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