Current utilization patterns for long-acting insulin analogues including biosimilars among selected Asian countries and the implications for the future.

Autor:	Godman B; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.; Division of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia., Haque M; Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Unit of Pharmacology, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Kumar S; Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, India., Islam S; Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Charan J; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India., Akter F; Department of Endocrinology, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh., Kurdi A; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.; Division of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Allocati E; Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri' IRCCS, Milan, Italy., Bakar MA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chattogram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College, Agrabad, Chattogram, Bangladesh., Rahim SA; BIRDEM General Hospital, Shahbag Square, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Sultana N; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Deeba F; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Halim Khan MA; Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Alam ABMM; Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Jahan I; Department of Physiology, Eastern Medical College, Cumilla, Bangladesh., Kamal ZM; National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Dhaka, Bangladesh., Hasin H; Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, Carshalton, Surrey, United Kingdom., Munzur-E-Murshid; Handicap International, Kurigram, Bangladesh., Nahar S; Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Haque M; Human Resource Department, Square Toiletries Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Dutta S; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India., Abhayanand JP; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India., Kaur RJ; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India., Acharya J; Department of Dentistry, SP Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India., Sugahara T; Faculty of Economics, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan., Kwon HY; Division of Biology and Public Health, Mokwon University, Daejeon, South Korea., Bae S; College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea., Khuan KKP; Friends' Pharmacy, Wisma Kobesi, Malaysia., Khan TA; National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan., Hussain S; National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan., Saleem Z; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan., Pisana A; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Wale J; Independent Consumer Advocate, Brunswick, Victoria, Australia., Jakovljevic M; Faculty of Economics, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Global Health Economics and Policy, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Current medical research and opinion [Curr Med Res Opin] 2021 Sep; Vol. 37 (9), pp. 1529-1545. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 14.
DOI:	10.1080/03007995.2021.1946024
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Prevalence rates for diabetes mellitus continue to rise, which, coupled with increasing costs of complications, has appreciably increased expenditure in recent years. Poor glycaemic control including hypoglycaemia enhances complication rates and associated morbidity, mortality and costs. Consequently, this needs to be addressed. Whilst the majority of patients with diabetes have type-2 diabetes, a considerable number of patients with diabetes require insulin to help control their diabetes. Long-acting insulin analogues were developed to reduce hypoglycaemia associated with insulin and help improve adherence, which can be a concern. However, their considerably higher costs have impacted on their funding and use, especially in countries with affordability issues. Biosimilars can help reduce the costs of long-acting insulin analogues thereby increasing available choices. However, the availability and use of long-acting insulin analogues can be affected by limited price reductions versus originators and limited demand-side initiatives to encourage their use. Consequently, we wanted to assess current utilisation rates for long-acting insulin analogues, especially biosimilars, and the rationale for patterns seen, across multiple Asian countries ranging from Japan (high-income) to Pakistan (lower-income) to inform future strategies. Methodology: Multiple approaches including assessing utilization and prices of insulins including biosimilars among six Asian countries and comparing the findings especially with other middle-income countries. Results: Typically, there was increasing use of long-acting insulin analogues among the selected Asian countries. This was especially the case enhanced by biosimilars in Bangladesh, India, and Malaysia reflecting their perceived benefits. However, there was limited use in Pakistan due to issues of affordability similar to a number of African countries. The high use of biosimilars in Bangladesh, India and Malaysia was helped by issues of affordability and local production. The limited use of biosimilars in Japan and Korea reflects limited price reductions and demand-side initiatives similar to a number of European countries. Conclusions: Increasing use of long-acting insulin analogues across countries is welcomed, adding to the range of insulins available, which increasingly includes biosimilars. A number of activities are needed to enhance the use of long-acting insulin analogue biosimilars in Japan, Korea and Pakistan.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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