The place of millet in food globalization during Late Prehistory as evidenced by new bioarchaeological data from the Caucasus.

Autor: Martin L; Laboratory of Prehistoric Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Geneva, Carl-Vogt 66, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland. lucie.martin@unige.ch.; EDYTEM, UMR 5204, University of Savoie Mont-Blanc, Pôle Montagne, 73376, Le Bourget du Lac, France. lucie.martin@unige.ch., Messager E; EDYTEM, UMR 5204, University of Savoie Mont-Blanc, Pôle Montagne, 73376, Le Bourget du Lac, France., Bedianashvili G; Georgian National Museum, 14 Uznadze Str., 0102, Tbilisi, Georgia., Rusishvili N; Georgian National Museum, 14 Uznadze Str., 0102, Tbilisi, Georgia., Lebedeva E; Laboratory of Nature Sciences in Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Dm. Ulyanova, 19, Moscow, 117036, Russia., Longford C; Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, Minalloy House, 10 - 16 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 3NJ, UK., Hovsepyan R; Institute for Archaeology and Ethnography, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Charents Str. 15, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia., Bitadze L; Institute of History and Ethnology, Anthropological Research Laboratory, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia., Chkadua M; Georgian National Museum, 14 Uznadze Str., 0102, Tbilisi, Georgia., Vanishvili N; Georgian National Museum, 14 Uznadze Str., 0102, Tbilisi, Georgia., Le Mort F; University of Lyon, Archéorient (UMR 5133 CNRS/ University of Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée-Jean Pouilloux, Lyon, France., Kakhiani K; Georgian National Museum, 14 Uznadze Str., 0102, Tbilisi, Georgia., Abramishvili M; Georgian National Museum, 14 Uznadze Str., 0102, Tbilisi, Georgia., Gogochuri G; Georgian National Museum, 14 Uznadze Str., 0102, Tbilisi, Georgia., Murvanidze B; Georgian National Museum, 14 Uznadze Str., 0102, Tbilisi, Georgia., Giunashvili G; Georgian National Museum, 14 Uznadze Str., 0102, Tbilisi, Georgia., Licheli V; Institute of Archaeology, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia., Salavert A; AASPE, UMR 7209, Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, CP56, Paris, France., Andre G; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Minist Culture, LAMPEA, UMR 7269, MMSH CS 90412, 5 rue du Château de l'Horloge, 13097, Aix-en-Provence, Cedex 2, France., Herrscher E; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Minist Culture, LAMPEA, UMR 7269, MMSH CS 90412, 5 rue du Château de l'Horloge, 13097, Aix-en-Provence, Cedex 2, France. estelle.herrscher@univ-amu.fr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2021 Jun 23; Vol. 11 (1), pp. 13124. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 23.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92392-9
Abstrakt: Two millets, Panicum miliaceum and Setaria italica, were domesticated in northern China, around 6000 BC. Although its oldest evidence is in Asia, possible independent domestication of these species in the Caucasus has often been proposed. To verify this hypothesis, a multiproxy research program (Orimil) was designed to detect the first evidence of millet in this region. It included a critical review of the occurrence of archaeological millet in the Caucasus, up to Antiquity; isotopic analyses of human and animal bones and charred grains; and radiocarbon dating of millet grains from archaeological contexts dated from the Early Bronze Age (3500-2500 BC) to the 1 st Century BC. The results show that these two cereals were cultivated during the Middle Bronze Age (MBA), around 2000-1800 BC, especially Setaria italica which is the most ancient millet found in Georgia. Isotopic analyses also show a significant enrichment in 13 C in human and animal tissues, indicating an increasing C 4 plants consumption at the same period. More broadly, our results assert that millet was not present in the Caucasus in the Neolithic period. Its arrival in the region, based on existing data in Eurasia, was from the south, without excluding a possible local domestication of Setaria italica.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje