| Autor: |
Reiter AMF; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK. a.reiter@ucl.ac.uk.; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK. a.reiter@ucl.ac.uk.; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. a.reiter@ucl.ac.uk., Moutoussis M; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK.; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK., Vanes L; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK.; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK., Kievit R; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK.; MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK., Bullmore ET; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge Clinical School, Cambridge, UK., Goodyer IM; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge Clinical School, Cambridge, UK., Fonagy P; Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK., Jones PB; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge Clinical School, Cambridge, UK., Dolan RJ; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK.; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK. |
| Abstrakt: |
Adolescents are prone to social influence from peers, with implications for development, both adaptive and maladaptive. Here, using a computer-based paradigm, we replicate a cross-sectional effect of more susceptibility to peer influence in a large dataset of adolescents 14 to 24 years old. Crucially, we extend this finding by adopting a longitudinal perspective, showing that a within-person susceptibility to social influence decreases over a 1.5 year follow-up time period. Exploiting this longitudinal design, we show that susceptibility to social influences at baseline predicts an improvement in peer relations over the follow-up period. Using a Bayesian computational model, we demonstrate that in younger adolescents a greater tendency to adopt others' preferences arises out of a higher uncertainty about their own preferences in the paradigmatic case of delay discounting (a phenomenon called 'preference uncertainty'). This preference uncertainty decreases over time and, in turn, leads to a reduced susceptibility of one's own behaviour to an influence from others. Neuro-developmentally, we show that a measure of myelination within medial prefrontal cortex, estimated at baseline, predicts a developmental decrease in preference uncertainty at follow-up. Thus, using computational and neural evidence, we reveal adaptive mechanisms underpinning susceptibility to social influence during adolescence. |
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