| Autor: |
Sweet M; Aquatic Research Facility, Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom., Villela H; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Keller-Costa T; Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.; Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal., Costa R; Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.; Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.; Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA., Romano S; Gut Microbes and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom., Bourne DG; College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.; Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia., Cárdenas A; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany., Huggett MJ; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia.; Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia., Kerwin AH; Department of Biology, McDaniel College, Westminster, Maryland, USA., Kuek F; Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia.; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia., Medina M; Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA., Meyer JL; Soil and Water Sciences Department, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA., Müller M; Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science, Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia., Pollock FJ; Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.; Hawaii and Palmyra Programs, The Nature Conservancy, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA., Rappé MS; Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, Hawaii, USA., Sere M; Aquatic Research Facility, Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom., Sharp KH; Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Roger Williams University, Bristol, Rhode Island, USA., Voolstra CR; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany., Zaccardi N; Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Roger Williams University, Bristol, Rhode Island, USA., Ziegler M; Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany., Peixoto R; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. |
| Abstrakt: |
Bacteria associated with coral hosts are diverse and abundant, with recent studies suggesting involvement of these symbionts in host resilience to anthropogenic stress. Despite their putative importance, the work dedicated to culturing coral-associated bacteria has received little attention. Combining published and unpublished data, here we report a comprehensive overview of the diversity and function of culturable bacteria isolated from corals originating from tropical, temperate, and cold-water habitats. A total of 3,055 isolates from 52 studies were considered by our metasurvey. Of these, 1,045 had full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences, spanning 138 formally described and 12 putatively novel bacterial genera across the Proteobacteria , Firmicutes , Bacteroidetes , and Actinobacteria phyla. We performed comparative genomic analysis using the available genomes of 74 strains and identified potential signatures of beneficial bacterium-coral symbioses among the strains. Our analysis revealed >400 biosynthetic gene clusters that underlie the biosynthesis of antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and other secondary metabolites. Moreover, we uncovered genomic features-not previously described for coral-bacterium symbioses-potentially involved in host colonization and host-symbiont recognition, antiviral defense mechanisms, and/or integrated metabolic interactions, which we suggest as novel targets for the screening of coral probiotics. Our results highlight the importance of bacterial cultures to elucidate coral holobiont functioning and guide the selection of probiotic candidates to promote coral resilience and improve holistic and customized reef restoration and rehabilitation efforts. IMPORTANCE Our paper is the first study to synthesize currently available but decentralized data of cultured microbes associated with corals. We were able to collate 3,055 isolates across a number of published studies and unpublished collections from various laboratories and researchers around the world. This equated to 1,045 individual isolates which had full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences, after filtering of the original 3,055. We also explored which of these had genomes available. Originally, only 36 were available, and as part of this study, we added a further 38-equating to 74 in total. From this, we investigated potential genetic signatures that may facilitate a host-associated lifestyle. Further, such a resource is an important step in the selection of probiotic candidates, which are being investigated for promoting coral resilience and potentially applied as a novel strategy in reef restoration and rehabilitation efforts. In the spirit of open access, we have ensured this collection is available to the wider research community through the web site http://isolates.reefgenomics.org/ with the hope many scientists across the globe will ask for access to these cultures for future studies. |
