Urate Crystals; Beyond Joints.
| Autor: | Ahmad MI; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Masood S; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Furlanetto DM; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada., Nicolaou S; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in medicine [Front Med (Lausanne)] 2021 Jun 04; Vol. 8, pp. 649505. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 04 (Print Publication: 2021). |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fmed.2021.649505 |
| Abstrakt: | Gout is the most common inflammatory arthropathy caused by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. The burden of gout is substantial with increasing prevalence of gout globally. The prevalence of Gout in the United States has increased by over 7% in the last two decades. Initially, it was believed that MSU crystal deposits occur only in the joints with the involvement of the periarticular soft tissues, but recent studies have shown the presence of MSU crystal deposition in extra-articular sites as well. Human plasma becomes supersaturated with uric acid at 6.8 mg/dl, a state called hyperuricemia. Beyond this level, uric acid crystals precipitate out of the plasma and deposit in soft tissues, joints, kidneys, etc. If left untreated, hyperuricemia leads to chronic gout characterized by the deposition of tophi in soft tissues such as the joints, tendons, and bursae. With the advent of newer imaging techniques such as DECT, MSU crystals can be visualized in various extra-articular sites. Extra-articular deposition of MSU crystals is believed to be the causative factor for the development of multiple comorbidities in gout patients. Here, we review the literature on extra-articular deposition of urate crystals and the role of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in elucidating multi-organ involvement. DECT has emerged as an invaluable alternative for accurate and efficient MSU crystal deposition detection. Future studies using DECT can help determine the clinical consequences of extra-articular deposition of MSU in gout patients. Competing Interests: SN has a Master Research Agreement between the University of British Columbia and Siemens Healthcare. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2021 Ahmad, Masood, Furlanetto and Nicolaou.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|