Sexual harassment and assault predict sleep disturbances and is partly mediated by nightmares: Findings from a national survey of all university students in Norway.

Autor: Steine IM; Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Psychology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA., Skogen JC; Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.; Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Norway., Hysing M; Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Puigvert L; Department of Sociology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain., Schønning V; Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway., Sivertsen B; Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway.; Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of sleep research [J Sleep Res] 2021 Dec; Vol. 30 (6), pp. e13338. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 15.
DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13338
Abstrakt: Sexual harassment and assault is common in most domains of society, and has been linked to several adverse outcomes, including reduced sleep quality. However, less is known about the possible impact of sexual harassment and assault on various sleep problems among university students. In a sample of 49,051 students in Norway (69.2% women), we examined i) the associations of varying extents of sexual harassment (unwanted sexual comments, looks or gestures, photographs, indecent exposure, and physical harassment) and sexual assault (attempted or completed rape), with meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria of insomnia and with sleep duration, ii) the association of cumulative exposure to sexual harassment/assault with insomnia and sleep duration, and iii) to what extent nightmares could explain the association between sexual harassment and insomnia and sleep duration. For both genders, all forms of harassments with the exception of "indecent exposure" and "unwanted sexual photographs" for men were negatively associated with sleep duration, with the strongest associations being found for "rape" and "attempted rape". For both genders, the odds of insomnia increased as a function of cumulative harassment exposure. Similarly, a graded, negative association was found between cumulative harassment and sleep duration for both genders. Mediation analyses showed that 28% of the observed association between cumulative harassment and insomnia, and 15% of the association between cumulative harassment and sleep duration, was mediated by frequency of nightmares.
(© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Sleep Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Sleep Research Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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