| Autor: |
Xu Z; Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States., Niu WA; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States., Rivera SL; Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States., Tuominen MT; Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States., Siegrist MS; Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States., Santore MM; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States. |
| Abstrakt: |
Motivated by observations of cell orientation at biofilm-substrate interfaces and reports that cell orientation and adhesion play important roles in biofilm evolution and function, we investigated the influence of surface chemistry on the orientation of Escherichia coli cells captured from flow onto surfaces that were cationic, hydrophobic, or anionic. We characterized the initial orientations of nonmotile cells captured from gentle shear relative to the surface and flow directions. The broad distribution of captured cell orientations observed on cationic surfaces suggests that rapid electrostatic attractions of cells to oppositely charged surfaces preserve the instantaneous orientations of cells as they rotate in the near-surface shearing flow. By contrast, on hydrophobic and anionic surfaces, cells were oriented slightly more in the plane of the surface and in the flow direction compared with that on the cationic surface. This suggests slower development of adhesion at hydrophobic and anionic surfaces, allowing cells to tip toward the surface as they adhere. Once cells were captured, the flow was increased by 20-fold. Cells did not reorient substantially on the cationic surface, suggesting a strong cell-surface bonding. By contrast, on hydrophobic and anionic surfaces, increased shear forced cells to tip toward the surface and align in the flow direction, a process that was reversible upon reducing the shear. These findings suggest mechanisms by which surface chemistry may play a role in the evolving structure and function of microbial communities. |
