Acoustic Vulnerability, Hydraulic Capacitance, and Xylem Anatomy Determine Drought Response of Small Grain Cereals.

Autor:	Degraeve S; Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., De Baerdemaeker NJF; Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Ameye M; Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenomics, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Leroux O; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Haesaert GJW; Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Steppe K; Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in plant science [Front Plant Sci] 2021 May 25; Vol. 12, pp. 599824. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 25 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.3389/fpls.2021.599824
Abstrakt:	Selection of high-yielding traits in cereal plants led to a continuous increase in productivity. However, less effort was made to select on adaptive traits, favorable in adverse and harsh environments. Under current climate change conditions and the knowledge that cereals are staple foods for people worldwide, it is highly important to shift focus to the selection of traits related to drought tolerance, and to evaluate new tools for efficient selection. Here, we explore the possibility to use vulnerability to drought-induced xylem embolism of wheat cultivars Excalibur and Hartog ( Triticum aestivum L.), rye cultivar Duiker Max ( Secale cereale L.), and triticale cultivars Dublet and US2014 ( x Triticosecale Wittmack) as a proxy for their drought tolerance. Multiple techniques were combined to underpin this hypothesis. During bench-top dehydration experiments, acoustic emissions (AEs) produced by formation of air emboli were detected, and hydraulic capacitances quantified. By only looking at the AE 50 values, one would classify wheat cultivar Excalibur as most tolerant and triticale cultivar Dublet as most vulnerable to drought-induced xylem embolism, though Dublet had significantly higher hydraulic capacitances, which are essential in terms of internal water storage to temporarily buffer or delay water shortage. In addition, xylem anatomical traits revealed that both cultivars have a contrasting trade-off between hydraulic safety and efficiency. This paper emphasizes the importance of including a cultivar's hydraulic capacitance when evaluating its drought response and vulnerability to drought-induced xylem embolism, instead of relying on the AE 50 as the one parameter. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2021 Degraeve, De Baerdemaeker, Ameye, Leroux, Haesaert and Steppe.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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