Secretory Phospholipase A 2 Enzymes in Acute Lung Injury.

Autor: Letsiou E; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Htwe YM; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Dudek SM; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. sdudek@uic.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cell biochemistry and biophysics [Cell Biochem Biophys] 2021 Sep; Vol. 79 (3), pp. 609-617. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 08.
DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01003-x
Abstrakt: The secretory phospholipase A 2 (sPLA 2 ) group of secreted enzymes hydrolyze phospholipids and lead to the production of multiple biologically active lipid mediators. sPLA 2 s and their products (e.g., eicosanoids) play a significant role in the pathophysiology of various inflammatory diseases, including life-threatening lung disorders such as acute lung injury (ALI) and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The ALI/ARDS spectrum of severe inflammatory conditions is caused by direct (such as bacterial or viral pneumonia) or indirect insults (sepsis) that are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Several sPLA 2 isoforms are upregulated in patients with ARDS as well as in multiple ALI preclinical models, and individual sPLA 2 s exert unique roles in regulating ALI pathophysiology. This brief review will summarize the contributions of specific sPLA 2 isoforms as markers and mediators in ALI, supporting a potential therapeutic role for targeting them in ARDS.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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