Improved diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by using nucleoprotein and spike protein fragment 2 in quantitative dual ELISA tests.

Autor:	De Marco Verissimo C; Molecular Parasitology Lab (MPL), Centre for One Health and Ryan Institute, School of Natural Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland., O'Brien C; Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland., López Corrales J; Molecular Parasitology Lab (MPL), Centre for One Health and Ryan Institute, School of Natural Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland., Dorey A; Molecular Parasitology Lab (MPL), Centre for One Health and Ryan Institute, School of Natural Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland., Cwiklinski K; Molecular Parasitology Lab (MPL), Centre for One Health and Ryan Institute, School of Natural Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland., Lalor R; Molecular Parasitology Lab (MPL), Centre for One Health and Ryan Institute, School of Natural Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland., Doyle JM; Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland., Field S; Clinical Associate Professor (TCD), Medical and Scientific Director, Irish Blood Transfusion Service, Dublin, Ireland., Masterson C; School of Medicine, and Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland., Ribes Martinez E; School of Medicine, and Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland., Hughes G; School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.; Department of Infectious Diseases, St James's Hospital, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland., Bergin C; School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.; Department of Infectious Diseases, St James's Hospital, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland., Walshe K; Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland., McNicholas B; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Galway, Saolta University Hospital Group, Galway, Ireland., Laffey JG; School of Medicine, and Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland., Dalton JP; Molecular Parasitology Lab (MPL), Centre for One Health and Ryan Institute, School of Natural Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland., Kerr C; School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.; Department of Infectious Diseases, St James's Hospital, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland., Doyle S; Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Epidemiology and infection [Epidemiol Infect] 2021 Jun 08; Vol. 149, pp. e140. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jun 08.
DOI:	10.1017/S0950268821001308
Abstrakt:	The novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the causative agent of the 2020 worldwide coronavirus pandemic. Antibody testing is useful for diagnosing historic infections of a disease in a population. These tests are also a helpful epidemiological tool for predicting how the virus spreads in a community, relating antibody levels to immunity and for assessing herd immunity. In the present study, SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins were recombinantly produced and used to analyse serum from individuals previously exposed, or not, to SARS-CoV-2. The nucleocapsid (Npro) and spike subunit 2 (S2Frag) proteins were identified as highly immunogenic, although responses to the former were generally greater. These two proteins were used to develop two quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) that when used in combination resulted in a highly reliable diagnostic test. Npro and S2Frag-ELISAs could detect at least 10% more true positive coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases than the commercially available ARCHITECT test (Abbott). Moreover, our quantitative ELISAs also show that specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 proteins tend to wane rapidly even in patients who had developed severe disease. As antibody tests complement COVID-19 diagnosis and determine population-level surveillance during this pandemic, the alternative diagnostic we present in this study could play a role in controlling the spread of the virus.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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