Psychoactive Drugs Like Cannabis -Induce Hypodopaminergic Anhedonia and Neuropsychological Dysfunction in Humans: Putative Induction of Dopamine Homeostasis via Coupling of Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) testing and Precision Pro-dopamine Regulation (KB220).

Autor: Blum K; Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA.; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.; Division of Nutrigenomics, Precision Translational Medicine, LLC., San Antonio, TX, USA.; Division of Nutrigenomics, Genomic Testing Center, Geneus Health, LLC., San Antonio, TX, USA.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, VT, USA.; Department of Psychiatry, Wright University Boonshoff School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA., Morgan J; Substance Use Disorders Institute University of Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Cadet JL; Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, DHHS/NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Baron D; Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA., Carney PR; Neuroscience Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Khalsa J; Department of Microbiology, immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA., Badgaiyan RD; Department of Psychiatry, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA., Gold MS; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neurology (E-Cronicon) [Neurology (ECronicon)] 2021 Apr; Vol. 13 (4), pp. 86-92. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 31.
Abstrakt: Many US states now embrace the medical and recreational use of Cannabis. Changes in the laws have heightened interest and encouraged research into both cannabinoid products and the potential harms of Cannabis use, addiction and intoxication. The major active ingredient of Cannabis sativa (marijuana), Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and it powerfully stimulates the type-1 cannabinoid (CB 1 ) receptor. When used in the form of the plant marijuana, because of the many compounds that exist in the plant form they could inhibit the activity of the CB 1 receptor thereby reducing many of the effects of THC. While this mechanism seems correct, in our opinion, Vallee., et al . incorrectly suggest that blocking CB 1 receptors could open unforeseen approaches to the treatment of cannabis intoxication and addiction. We caution the scientific community that, other CB 1 receptor blockers, such as, Rimonabant (SR141718) have been pulled off the market in Europe. In addition, CB 1 receptor blockers were rejected by the FDA due to mood changes including suicide ideation. We argue that one issue facing the scientific community, has to do with the increasing legalization of Cannabis products in many states across America. We are in favor of some reform in terms of either decriminalization or restrictive legalization especially in control of legal limits of THC. Like other psychoactive compounds at high doses, it is our hypothesis that chronic use of these drugs including high THC content in its various forms (wax, smoke or vapor) resulting in brain reward dysfunction induces an imbalance of neurotransmission and subsequent hypodopaminergia and lead to aberrant substance and non-substance (behavioral) addictions. It is further proposed that in order to overcome THC and even other psychoactive drugs of abuse induced anhedonia the coupling of genetic risk testing and pro dopamine regulation is warranted.
Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Dr Blum is the patent holder and licensee of GARS and KB220 and has ownership in various companies involved in commercialization. Joseph Morgan owns equity in Geneus Health LC of San Antonio along with Dr. Blum. There are no other conflicts to report.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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