Developmental and Interventional Plasticity of Motor Maps after Perinatal Stroke.

Autor:	Zhang SY; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5., Jeffers MS; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5., Lagace DC; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5.; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Neuroscience Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6.; Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5., Kirton A; Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada K1H 8M5.; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4.; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1., Silasi G; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5 gsilasi@uottawa.ca.; Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience [J Neurosci] 2021 Jul 14; Vol. 41 (28), pp. 6157-6172. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 14.
DOI:	10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3185-20.2021
Abstrakt:	Within the perinatal stroke field, there is a need to establish preclinical models where putative biomarkers for motor function can be examined. In a mouse model of perinatal stroke, we evaluated motor map size and movement latency following optogenetic cortical stimulation against three factors of post-stroke biomarker utility: (1) correlation to chronic impairment on a behavioral test battery; (2) amenability to change using a skilled motor training paradigm; and (3) ability to distinguish individuals with potential to respond well to training. Thy1-ChR2-YFP mice received a photothrombotic stroke at postnatal day 7 and were evaluated on a battery of motor tests between days 59 and 70. Following a cranial window implant, mice underwent longitudinal optogenetic motor mapping both before and after 3 weeks of skilled forelimb training. Map size and movement latency of both hemispheres were positively correlated with impaired spontaneous forelimb use, whereas only ipsilesional hemisphere map size was correlated with performance in skilled reaching. Map size and movement latency did not show groupwise changes with training; however, mice with the smallest pretraining map sizes and worst impairments demonstrated the greatest expansion of map size in response to skilled forelimb training. Overall, motor map size showed utility as a potential biomarker for impairment and training-induced modulation in specific individuals. Future assessment of the predictive capacity of post-stroke motor representations for behavioral outcome in animal models opens the possibility of dissecting how plasticity mechanisms contribute to recovery following perinatal stroke. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We investigated the utility of two cortical motor representation measures (motor map size and movement onset latency) as potential biomarkers for post-stroke motor recovery in a mouse model of perinatal stroke. Both motor map size and movement latency were associated with functional recovery after perinatal stroke, with map size showing an additional association between training responsiveness and severity of impairment. Overall, both motor map size and movement onset latency show potential as neurophysiological correlates of recovery. As such, future studies of perinatal stroke rehabilitation and neuromodulation should include these measures to help explain neurophysiological changes that might be occurring in response to treatment. (Copyright © 2021 the authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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