Evaluation of groundwater quality in central Saudi Arabia using hydrogeochemical characteristics and pollution indices.

Autor: Alharbi T; Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., El-Sorogy AS; Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. elsorogyabd@yahoo.com.; Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. elsorogyabd@yahoo.com., Qaysi S; Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alshehri F; Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2021 Oct; Vol. 28 (38), pp. 53819-53832. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 26.
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14575-1
Abstrakt: The groundwater quality and heavy metal (HM) contamination were evaluated in palm farms, central Saudi Arabia, using pollution indices, irrigation quality parameters, and multivariate statistical analyses. Thirty groundwater samples were collected in October 2020 for major anions, cations, and HMs analyses and interpretation. The results showed that the average concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS), Ca + , Na + , K + , Cl - , SO 4 2- , and F - were greater than the permissible limits of the WHO standards for drinking water. The groundwater facies types were Ca-Na-SO 4 -Cl (23 samples), Ca-Cl-SO 4 , (4 samples), and Ca-SO 4 -Cl type (3 samples). The groundwater quality index indicated that 15 groundwater samples were of good quality and 15 were of poor quality, whereas the metal index and heavy metal pollution index indicated that all samples were categorized as slightly affected and with low pollution, respectively. The variation is attributed to the increasing average concentrations of some ions and decreasing HMs. The dissolution/precipitation of silicates, gypsum, and carbonates and soil leaching were the natural factors affecting groundwater chemistry, whereas higher PO 4 3- , NO 3 - , F - , Pb, and Zn values in some samples may be attributed to human activities from the extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides on the investigated farms.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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