High mortality co-infections of COVID-19 patients: mucormycosis and other fungal infections.

Autor:	Bhatt K; Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA., Agolli A; Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA., Patel MH; Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA., Garimella R; Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA., Devi M; Pakistan Ziauddin Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan., Garcia E; Larkin Community Hospital, Hialeah, FL, USA., Amin H; Larkin Community Hospital, Hialeah, FL, USA., Domingue C; Larkin Community Hospital, Hialeah, FL, USA., Guerra Del Castillo R; Larkin Community Hospital, Hialeah, FL, USA., Sanchez-Gonzalez M; Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Larkin Health System, South Miami, FL, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Discoveries (Craiova, Romania) [Discoveries (Craiova)] 2021 Mar 31; Vol. 9 (1), pp. e126. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 31.
DOI:	10.15190/d.2021.5
Abstrakt:	Severe COVID-19 disease is associated with an increase in pro-inflammatory markers, such as IL-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis alpha, less CD4 interferon-gamma expression, and fewer CD4 and CD8 cells, which increase the susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections. One such opportunistic fungal infection is mucormycosis. Initially, it was debated whether a person taking immunosuppressants, such as corticosteroids, and monoclonal antibodies will be at higher risk for COVID-19 or whether the immunosuppresive state would cause a more severe COVID-19 disease. However, immunosuppressants are currently continued unless the patients are at greater risk of severe COVID-19 infection or are on high-dose corticosteroids therapy. As understood so far, COVID-19 infection may induce significant and persistent lymphopenia, which in turn increases the risk of opportunistic infections. It is also noted that 85% of the COVID-19 patients' laboratory findings showed lymphopenia. This means that patients with severe COVID-19 have markedly lower absolute number of T lymphocytes, CD4+T and CD8+ T cells and, since the lymphocytes play a major role in maintaining the immune homeostasis, the patients with COVID-19 are highly susceptible to fungal co-infections. This report is intended to raise awareness of the importance of early detection and treatment of mucormycosis and other fungal diseases, such as candidiasis, SARS-CoV-2-associated pulmonary aspergillosis, pneumocystis pneumonia and cryptococcal disease, in COVID-19 patients, to reduce the risk of mortality. Competing Interests: Conflict of interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. (Copyright © 2021, Bhatt K. et al, Applied Systems and Discoveries Journals.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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