Prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis in the towns of Ñorquinco and Ramos Mexia in Rio Negro Province, Argentina, and direct risk factors for infection.

Autor: Uchiumi L; Hospital 'Artémides Zatti', Viedma, Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina., Mujica G; Coordinación de Salud Ambiental, Ministerio de Salud, Viedma, Provincia de Rio Negro, Argentina., Araya D; Coordinación de Salud Ambiental, Ministerio de Salud, Viedma, Provincia de Rio Negro, Argentina., Salvitti JC; Hospital 'Ramón Carrillo', San Carlos de Bariloche, Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina., Sobrino M; Hospital 'Ramón Carrillo', San Carlos de Bariloche, Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina., Moguillansky S; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Comahue, Cipolletti, Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina., Solari A; Hospital 'Raul Fernicola', Valcheta, Provincia de Rio Negro, Argentina., Blanco P; Coordinación de Salud Ambiental, Ministerio de Salud, Viedma, Provincia de Rio Negro, Argentina., Barrera F; Hospital Area Programa de Ramos Mexia, Ministro Ramos Mexía, Argentina., Lamunier J; Hospital Area Programa de Ñorquinco, Ñorquinco, Argentina., Arezo M; Coordinación de Salud Ambiental, Ministerio de Salud, Viedma, Provincia de Rio Negro, Argentina., Seleiman M; Coordinación de Salud Ambiental, Ministerio de Salud, Viedma, Provincia de Rio Negro, Argentina., Yadon ZE; Instituto de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Tamarozzi F; WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy., Casulli A; WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy.; European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy., Larrieu E; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, General Pico, Provincia de La Pampa, Argentina. ejlarrieu@hotmail.com.; Escuela de Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro, Choele Choel, Provincia de Rio Negro, Argentina. ejlarrieu@hotmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Parasites & vectors [Parasit Vectors] 2021 May 19; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 262. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 May 19.
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04753-y
Abstrakt: Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic zoonosis caused by infection with the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus (s.l.). This study investigated the prevalence and potential risk factors associated with human CE in the towns and rural areas of Ñorquinco and Ramos Mexia, Rio Negro province, Argentina.
Methods: To detect abdominal CE cysts, we screened 892 volunteers by ultrasound and investigated potential risk factors for CE using a standardized questionnaire. Prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used to measure the association between CE and the factors investigated, applying bivariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: Abdominal CE was detected in 42/892 screened volunteers (4.7%, 95% CI 3.2-6.1), only two of whom were under 15 years of age. Thirteen (30.9%) CE cases had 25 cysts in active stages (CE1, CE2, CE3a, according to the WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis [WHO-IWGE] classification). The most relevant risk factors identified in the bivariate analysis included: living in rural areas (P = 0.003), age > 40 years (P = 0.000), always drinking water from natural sources (P = 0.007), residing in rural areas during the first 5 years of life (P = 0.000) and having lived more than 20 years at the current address (P = 0.013). In the multivariate final model, the statistically significant risk factors were: frequently touching dogs (P = 0.012), residing in rural areas during the first 5 years of life (P = 0.004), smoking (P = 0.000), age > 60 years (P = 0.002) and living in rural areas (P = 0.017).
Conclusions: Our results point toward infection with CE being acquired since childhood and with constant exposure throughout life, especially in rural areas with a general environmental contamination.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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